Key message We provide quantitative evidence that rye chromosome arm 1RS exerts background- and context-dependent effects on yield, stability, and grain protein content in contemporary elite winter wheat. Integrated multi-environment analyses demonstrate that translocation lines exhibit pronounced yield stability across 14 contrasting environments, with ‘Insave’- and ‘Petkus’-derived segments contributing through distinct perf...

Key message Three independent experiments with different genetic backgrounds mapped the resistance gene Pm7 in the oat genome to the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 5D. Abstract Resistance of oat to Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. avenae is an important breeding goal in Central and Western Europe. In this study, the position of the effective and widely used resistance gene Pm7 in the oat genome was determined based on t...