Aim The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) harbours high levels of species diversity and endemism, and multiple out‐of‐QTP dispersal routes have been put forward. However, whether different dispersal directions out of the QTP resulted in contrasting evolutionary trajectories remains unknown. Here, we use the sister genera Calathodes and Trollius (Ranunculaceae) as an ideal model to investigate the out‐of‐QTP diversification patterns....