Purpose Current treatments for cervical neoplasia are often inaccessible in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which contributes to high cervical cancer mortality. We previously developed a low-cost ablative therapy using ethanol mixed with ethyl cellulose (EC) to a form an ethanol-retaining gel that reduces injection leakage. To optimize delivery of EC-ethanol into the cervix, we developed and compared three speculum-c...

Key message Novel disease resistance gene paralogues are generated by targeted chromosome cleavage of tandem duplicated NBS-LRR gene complexes and subsequent DNA repair in soybean. This study demonstrates accelerated diversification of innate immunity of plants using CRISPR. Abstract Nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich-repeat (NBS-LRR) gene families are key components of effector-triggered immunity. They are often arranged in...