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Author: Brigitta Erschbamer ×Clear All Filters
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On a glacier foreland of the Central Austrian Alps, a permanent plot study was performed to investigate the successional pathway on two moraines. We expected that the pioneer stage deglaciated for 25 years will converge to an early successional stage after another 25 years and the early stage deglaciated for 40 years will show trends toward a late successional stage. Different dynamics of species occurrence such as colonizatio...
Global maps of soil temperatureNARA Subscribed
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1‐km 2 r...
Species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it remains unknown whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. Here, we analysed the trajectories of 1827 plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites across mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands in Europe. We found, albeit with relatively small effect sizes, displacements of smaller‐ by larger‐ranged specie...
Seed germination and seedling recruitment are key processes in the life cycle of plants. They enable populations to grow, migrate, or persist. Both processes are under environmental control and influenced by site conditions and plant–plant interactions. Here, we present the results of a seed-sowing experiment performed along an elevation gradient (2000–2900 m a.s.l.) in the European eastern Alps. We monitored the germination o...
A common soil temperature threshold for the upper limit of alpine grasslands in European mountainsNARA Subscribed
While climatic research about treeline has a long history, the climatic conditions corresponding to the upper limit of closed alpine grasslands remain poorly understood. Here, we propose a climatic definition for this limit, the ‘grassline’, in analogy to the treeline, which is based on the growing season length and the soil temperature. Eighty-seven mountain summits across ten European mountain ranges, covering three biomes (...
Storing seeds in seed banks is an effective way to preserve plant diversity and conserve species. An essential step towards a valuable conservation is the validation of germination. This study presents a germination screening of seeds from 255 species of the European Eastern Alps, which were to be stored at the Millennium Seed Bank (Kew, UK). The final germination percentage (FGP) was determined using a standard protocol in th...
The rich sides of mountain summits – a pan‐European view on aspect preferences of alpine plantsNARA Subscribed
Aim In the alpine life zone, plant diversity is strongly determined by local topography and microclimate. We assessed the extent to which aspect and its relatedness to temperature affect plant species diversity, and the colonization and disappearance of species on alpine summits on a pan‐European scale. Location Mountain summits in Europe's alpine life zone. Methods Vascular plant species and their percentage cover were record...
Variable temperature effects of Open Top Chambers at polar and alpine sites explained by irradiance and snow depthNARA Subscribed
Environmental manipulation studies are integral to determining biological consequences of climate warming. Open Top Chambers ( OTC s) have been widely used to assess summer warming effects on terrestrial biota, with their effects during other seasons normally being given less attention even though chambers are often deployed year‐round. In addition, their effects on temperature extremes and freeze‐thaw events are poorly docume...
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