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Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Success of restoration strategies in preventing extirpation of 2 critically endangered coral speciesNARA Subscribed
An unprecedented marine heatwave in 2023 caused widespread coral bleaching and mortality throughout the Caribbean. In the Florida Keys (USA), 2 foundation species, elkhorn coral ( Acropora palmata ) and staghorn coral ( Acropora cervicornis ), were severely affected. These species have been the primary focus of reef restoration in Florida for decades. Substantial losses of these species occurred in outplanted populations, in o...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Background Controlled laboratory studies have demonstrated that breaking up sitting can reduce postprandial glucose in South Asian adults. This study examined the effects of substituting sitting with standing and walking on interstitial glucose in South Asian individuals under free-living conditions. Methods South Asian adults ( n = 14 [50% male]; body mass index 26.5 ± 0.8 kg·m −2 ) aged 41 ± 3 years completed two, 4-day regi...
Both Structural Variant and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Load Impact Lifetime Fitness in a Threatened Bird SpeciesNARA Subscribed
The field of conservation genomics is becoming increasingly interested in whether, and how, structural variant (SV) genotype information can be leveraged in the management of threatened species. The functional consequences of SVs are more complex than for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as SVs typically impact a larger proportion of the genome due to their size and thus may be more likely to contribute to load. While t...
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase has a well-characterized role in modulation of inflammatory processes throughout the body. In the central nervous system, p38 is primarily studied within neurons and microglia, most commonly in the context of neurological insult. The present study was designed to determine its function in astrocytes during non-pathological aging. We generated a conditional knockout model in which a tamo...