C-R Lin results 18
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Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this...
Scientists and managers rely on indicator taxa such as coral and macroalgal cover to evaluate the effects of human disturbance on coral reefs, often assuming a universally positive relationship between local human disturbance and macroalgae. Despite evidence that macroalgae respond to local stressors in diverse ways, there have been few efforts to evaluate relationships between specific macroalgae taxa and local human‐driven d...
Data capturing multiple axes of tree size and shape, such as a tree's stem diameter, height and crown size, underpin a wide range of ecological research—from developing and testing theory on forest structure and dynamics, to estimating forest carbon stocks and their uncertainties, and integrating remote sensing imagery into forest monitoring programmes. However, these data can be surprisingly hard to come by, particularly for...
Vector‐borne diseases (VBDs) are embedded within complex socio‐ecological systems. While research has traditionally focused on the direct effects of VBDs on human morbidity and mortality, it is increasingly clear that their impacts are much more pervasive. VBDs are dynamically linked to feedbacks between environmental conditions, vector ecology, disease burden, and societal responses that drive transmission. As a result, VBDs...
Climate change considerations are fundamental to management of deep‐sea resource extractionNARA Subscribed
Climate change manifestation in the ocean, through warming, oxygen loss, increasing acidification, and changing particulate organic carbon flux (one metric of altered food supply), is projected to affect most deep‐ocean ecosystems concomitantly with increasing direct human disturbance. Climate drivers will alter deep‐sea biodiversity and associated ecosystem services, and may interact with disturbance from resource extraction...
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open accessNARA Subscribed
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodivers...
Front CoverNARA Subscribed
Global importance of large‐diameter treesNARA Subscribed
Aim To examine the contribution of large‐diameter trees to biomass, stand structure, and species richness across forest biomes. Location Global. Time period Early 21st century. Major taxa studied Woody plants. Methods We examined the contribution of large trees to forest density, richness and biomass using a global network of 48 large (from 2 to 60 ha) forest plots representing 5,601,473 stems across 9,298 species and 210 plan...
Characterization, tissue distribution and regulation of neuropeptideY in Schizothorax prenantiNARA Subscribed
In this study, the full‐length neuropeptide Y ( npy ) complementary (c) DNA was cloned in ya fish Schizothorax prenanti . npy cDNA was composed of 789 nucleotides with a 288 nucleotide open reading frame encoding a protein of 96 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequences contained a 28 amino acids signal peptide followed by a 36 amino acids mature neuropeptide Y (NPY). The npy mRNA was expressed mainly in the brain and eye...
Characterization of Schizothorax prenanti cgnrhII gene: fasting affects cgnrhII expressionNARA Subscribed
In this study, the role of chicken gonadotropin‐releasing hormone II ( cgnrhII ) in feeding regulation was investigated in Schizothorax prenanti . First, the full‐length S. prenanti cgnrhII cDNA consisted of 693 bp with an open reading frame of 261 bp encoding a protein of 86 amino acids. Next, cgnrhII was widely expressed in the central and peripheral tissues. Last, there were significant changes in cgnrhII mRNA expression in...
Soluble interleukin‐1 receptor, a potential negative regulator of orange‐spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides interleukin‐1 systemNARA Subscribed
In this study, the cDNA sequence encoding interleukin‐1 ( Il ‐1) receptor‐like protein of orange‐spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides was obtained. The newly identified sequence was named soluble type I Il ‐1 receptor ( sIl‐1rI ) owing to its structural composition, which had two Ig‐like domains, lack of transmembrane region and the Toll/interleukin‐1 receptor ( TIR ) domain, similar to the brown rat Rattus norvegicus soluble...
Identification and expression analysis of major histocompatibility complex IIB gene in orange‐spotted grouper Epinephelus coioidesNARA Subscribed
In this study, complementary DNA (cDNA) and DNA sequences of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class IIB genes ( mhcIIB ) were cloned from orange‐spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides . The gene structure of E. coioides mhcIIB consists of five exons and four introns, and its deduced amino acid sequence length is 249 amino acids, including a signal peptide, a peptide‐binding region, an IGC1 domain, a transmembrane region an...
Mobilization and transport of coarse woody debris to the oceans triggered by an extreme tropical stormNARA Subscribed
A significant consequence of Typhoon Morakot in August 2009 was the production of vast volumes of driftwood in Pacific Asia. We have quantified the flux of this coarse woody debris (CWD) to the oceans from typhoon‐triggered landslides in Taiwan, where Morakot made landfall, by combining remote sensing (using FORMOSAT‐2 imagery and aerial photography), analysis of forest biomass, and field observations. A total of 3.8–8.4 Tg CW...
Global patterns in the biogeography of bacterial taxaNARA Subscribed
Summary Bacteria control major nutrient cycles and directly influence plant, animal and human health. However, we know relatively little about the forces shaping their large‐scale ecological ranges. Here, we reveal patterns in the distribution of individual bacterial taxa at multiple levels of phylogenetic resolution within and between Earth's major habitat types. Our analyses suggest that while macro‐scale habitats structure...
Summary ‘ Candidatus Magnetobacterium bavaricum’ is unusual among magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) in terms of cell size (8–10 µm long, 1.5–2 µm in diameter), cell architecture, magnetotactic behaviour and its distinct phylogenetic position in the deep‐branching Nitrospira phylum. In the present study, improved magnetic enrichment techniques permitted high‐resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray analysi...
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infection induces host cell apoptosis by an ill‐understood process. We utilized a fusion between enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and the zfBcl‐x L gene in GL‐av cells to select for zfBcl‐x L stable cell lines and to assess the effectiveness of the anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐x L in circumventing NNV‐induced cell death. Stable EGFP and EGFP‐Bcl‐x L ‐expressing clones were obtained at high p...
Differences in size and growth rates of male and female migrating Japanese eels in Pearl River, ChinaNARA Subscribed
The Sr/Ca ratios in otoliths of silver Japanese eels Anguilla japonica , in Pearl River, China, indicated that both sexes did not stay in brackish water and grew in fresh water from the glass eel stage until spawning migration. This did not support the hypothesis that females tended to distribute upstream and males might be restricted to estuaries. The back‐calculated total length of males at glass eel stage was not significan...
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