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Backward scrunching: planarians escape from noxious stimuli, cannibalism, and predationNARA Subscribed
Animals have evolved escape behaviors to survive. Freshwater planarians have many predators, including conspecifics in cannibalistic species such as Dugesia japonica . When agitated, planarians escape via a locomotory behavior called “scrunching”, whereby the planarian periodically elongates and contracts its whole body. Current understanding is that planarians move forward when they scrunch. However, when transversely cutting...
Semi‐Natural Habitats Buffer the Effects of Crop Diversification on Arthropod Pest Control Services in Agricultural LandscapesNARA Subscribed
Crop diversification is a promising strategy to strengthen pest control services in agricultural landscapes. Diversifying crops may limit pests through host crop dilution or by enhancing top‐down control by their enemies. However, crop diversification may also benefit generalist pests through higher resource continuity. Using a large‐scale dataset encompassing 742 landscapes across 13 countries, we assessed the impact of lands...
Winners of aggressive intergroup encounters are often assumed to benefit from increased access to resources, but few studies have measured whether there is differential access to resources based on the intergroup outcome. To investigate whether winning intergroup encounters is associated with increased access to food, we used 13 months of data on intergroup dynamics, feeding by 61 females, and the phenology and spatial distrib...
Temporal variation in the behaviours of the honeyhead damsel Dischistodus prosopotaenia on an inshore reefNARA Subscribed
Territorial herbivorous (or ‘farming’) damselfish are ubiquitous on coral reefs and, through their defensive and farming behaviours, maintain algal assemblages within their territories that are distinct from adjacent areas. Whereas their influence on the composition of benthic communities and their defensive behaviours have been widely studied, comparatively little is known of their time allocation among different behaviours o...
Pathogens in the garden dormouse Eliomys quercinusNARA Subscribed
Wild rodents are important reservoirs and vectors of various pathogens, and play a crucial role in the spread of zoonotic pathogens. The garden dormouse ( Eliomys quercinus ), an arboreal nocturnal rodent species native to Europe, has declined throughout much of its natural range in recent decades. The reason for this ongoing decline is not yet fully understood, but infectious diseases may play a role. This study aimed to revi...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...