We evaluated the effects of regional environment and body size on the nutritional traits of five small pelagic species differing in habitat use, feeding behavior, and importance as prey for top predators in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME). Northern anchovy ( Engraulis mordax ), bigfin lanternfish ( Symbolophorus californiensis ), market squid ( Doryteuthis opalescens ), and boreal clubhook squid ( Onychot...

A large number of drugs and compounds produced by the chemical and agrochemical industry, often referred to as ‘non-genotoxic carcinogens’ (NGC), score as tumour promotors in rodent models. It is unclear whether these compounds act similarly in humans. The most extensively investigated compounds have been the anti-convulsive drugs, phenobarbital (PB), and phenytoin. Liver tumours induced by PB are dependent upon the activation...

Over the East Africa region forecasts of the onset of the rainy seasons have the potential to support decision‐making, especially in the largely rain‐fed agricultural sector. However, the understanding of key features of onset remains limited. Here, we analyse the variability of onset and associated drivers at interannual and subseasonal timescales, using several onset definitions. Results show that the onset date is especiall...

Managing outbreaks of alien plant pests is key to preserving biodiversity and safeguarding crop production. Zoning strategies are applied by plant health authorities to tailor measures to the risk of spread in relation to distance from the outbreak epicentre and the biology of the pest. Here we synthesize information on outbreak management to evaluate the diversity and consistency of such approaches. We collected information o...

Small-scale fisheries along the Swedish west coast are often operated by using small vessels, targeting multiple species by means of pots and gillnets. Fisheries using pots targeting shellfish such as European lobster ( Homarus gammarus) , and edible crab ( Cancer pagurus ) along the Swedish west coast have a relatively high economic value. However, gillnet fisheries targeting demersal fish are currently diminishing primarily...

There is growing evidence that the environment experienced by one generation can influence phenotypes in the next generation via transgenerational plasticity (TGP). One of the best-studied examples of TGP in animals is predator-induced transgenerational plasticity, whereby exposing parents to predation risk triggers changes in offspring phenotypes. Yet, there is a lack of general consensus synthesizing the predator–prey litera...

Seaweed cultivation is gaining interest world-wide for both food and non-food applications. Global seaweed aquaculture production currently exceeds 32 Mt WW per annum but is dominated (86% of total) by Asian countries. To meet future demand for seaweed products, regions beyond Asia with aquaculture production potential are being explored. The goal of this study was to assess the suitability of the native kelp Macrocystis pyrif...

Aim Comprehensive, global information on species' occurrences is an essential biodiversity variable and central to a range of applications in ecology, evolution, biogeography and conservation. Expert range maps often represent a species' only available distributional information and play an increasing role in conservation assessments and macroecology. We provide global range maps for the native ranges of all extant mammal spec...

Aim Topographic complexity is widely accepted as a key driver of biodiversity, but at the patch‐scale, complexity–biodiversity relationships may vary spatially and temporally according to the environmental stressors complexity mitigates, and the species richness and identity of potential colonists. Using a manipulative experiment, we assessed spatial variation in patch‐scale effects of complexity on intertidal biodiversity. Lo...

Sustainability science seeks to extend scientific investigation into domains characterized by a distinct problem-solving agenda, physical and social complexity, and complex moral and ethical landscapes. In this endeavor, it arguably pushes scientific investigation beyond its usual comfort zones, raising fundamental issues about how best to structure such investigation. Philosophers of science have long scrutinized the structur...

The dangers posed by invasive species for endemic island wildlife are well recognised. Introduced domestic cats ( Felis catus ) represent a significant threat to several endemic species of the Galápagos archipelago—including hatchling marine iguanas ( Amblyrhynchus cristatus ) and potentially green turtles ( Chelonia mydas )—yet little is known about their spatial ecology and habitat use on these islands. Here, we describe a p...