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Limitations of using the canopy to infer the structure and functioning of giant kelp forestsOA Marine
Data obtained from remote sensing of floating kelp canopies are routinely used to assess changes in the distribution, structure and functioning of kelp forests. Such assessments rely on the assumption that changes in surface canopies reflect changes in the structure and functioning of the underlying kelp forests. So far there has been little attempt to validate this assumption, which raises the risk that management decisions p...
Rationale Affective behavioral effects of kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) stimulation have been found to vary between the rostral and caudal nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, but this has so far only been demonstrated in males. Objectives To examine the effects of KOR activation in subregions of the NAc shell on affective and motivated behavior in females. Methods In one group of Long-Evans rats, females were given access to 20% etha...
A Coast-to-Coast Assessment of Cumulative Impacts and Protection Potential in Canadian Marine Conservation NetworksNARA Subscribed
The effectiveness of marine conservation networks depends on their ability to manage and safeguard against the many overlapping human activities and stressors influencing marine ecosystems. Cumulative impact mapping (CIM) combines information on the intensity and location of stressors with the spatial extent and vulnerability of marine habitats to generate a single, relative cumulative impact (CI) score. Despite its potential...
Climate‐driven range expansions of individual species are well‐documented, but corresponding community shifts are not. This lack of widespread community change may indicate communities can resist wholesale change with the arrival of new species. In the northern Gulf of Mexico, climate change is driving the expansion of black mangroves ( Avicennia germinans ) into areas traditionally dominated by smooth cordgrass ( Spartina alt...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Warming Temperatures to Expand Spruce Beetle Outbreak Distribution in Northern but Not Southern Picea Forests of Western North AmericaNARA Subscribed
Aim The biogeography and distribution of irruptive forest insect herbivores are driven by population level responses to host availability, temperature, and precipitation. Because the irruptive dynamics of tree‐killing insects such as spruce beetle are regulated by climate, it is imperative to quantify biogeographic drivers and limiters to develop informed predictions and forecasts of future outbreaks. Here, we: (1) identify su...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...