C. R. Warren results 96
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The Kulanaokuaiki Tephra Unit 3 (900 C.E.) was a subplinian basaltic scoria eruption, the largest known to have occurred at Kīlauea’s summit. The initiation mechanism and cause(s) of this highly hazardous eruption remain poorly understood, particularly as this style of activity has not been observed in the modern period. We use olivine diffusion timescales from Fe-Mg and lithium zoning to assess magma storage timescales and ev...
Background and aims Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is central to long-term pedogenesis and overall terrestrial ecosystem development. Rates of asymbiotic BNF are potentially constrained by carbon (C), phosphorus (P), and/or nitrogenase cofactor elements (e.g., iron [Fe], vanadium [V], and molybdenum [Mo]), but our understanding of the biogeochemical trajectories of cofactor elements throughout pedogenesis is limited. Metho...
Since its consolidation as a sub‐discipline of ecology in the late 1990s, urban ecology has grown substantially, enhancing our understanding of how urbanization shapes biodiversity and how biodiversity adapts to urbanization. Inherently interdisciplinary in its scope and application, urban ecology is rooted in multiple theoretical and methodological foundations, potentially making the field overwhelming for newcomers as the ke...
Producing functional proteins involves multiple steps during mRNA translation on the ribosomes. However, co-translational regulatory mechanisms remain poorly characterized in intact mammalian systems. As a proof-of-concept, we developed a multi-omics approach to investigate endothelial-specific, co-translational regulation by modifying the translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) in vivo. We simultaneously co-immunopr...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Paleoenvironments of the Late Quaternary Tonica thermokarst lake, northeastern Illinois, USA, and an extinct elk‐moose ( Cervalces )NARA Subscribed
The Tonica Depression (TD), a late Quaternary sediment‐filled basin in northeastern Illinois, formed as a thermokarst lake as evidenced by a basal trash layer, its depositional history, and its occurrence on a late‐Pleistocene permafrost landscape. Stratigraphy and radiocarbon ages reveal that a multiproxy paleoenvironmental record extends throughout the late Wisconsin. Burning of organically enriched sediments has abbreviated...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Crown Exposure Regulates Aboveground Wood Productivity Responses to Soil Fertility in Lowland Tropical ForestsNARA Subscribed
Understanding the drivers of aboveground wood productivity (AWP) in tropical forests is crucial for explaining ecosystem functioning and predicting their responses to environmental change. While climatic water availability is a well‐established driver, the role of soil nutrients and their interaction with other resources remains uncertain. We investigated how soil nutrients and light interactions shape AWP in lowland tropical...
Microbial phosphorus in loamy, basalt-derived forest soil is altered by plant nutritional status: a root-splitting studyNARA Subscribed
Background and aims Soil nutrient content is a major driver of primary productivity. Microbial biomass comprises a substantial soil nutrient pool, the properties of which could be shaped by plant nutrient-limitation status. We aimed to determine how plant nutrition affects soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and phosphorus (MBP), and whether such effects are linked to microbial composition. Methods To isolate the effect of p...
A species' success during the invasion of new areas hinges on an interplay between the demographic processes common to invasions and the specific ecological context of the novel environment. Evolutionary genetic studies of invasive species can investigate how genetic bottlenecks and ecological conditions shape genetic variation in invasions, and our study pairs two invasive populations that are hypothesized to be from the same...
Separating Historical Catches Among Pygmy Blue Whale Populations Using Recent Song DetectionsNARA Subscribed
In the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean, there are at least five populations of pygmy blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda , residing in the Northwest Indian Ocean (NWIO, Oman), central Indian Ocean (CIO, Sri Lanka), Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO, Madagascar to Subantarctic), Southeast Indian Ocean (SEIO, Australia to Indonesia), and Southwest Pacific Ocean (SWPO, New Zealand). Each population produces a d...
Horizon scan survey to identify key research questions to promote sustainability of the marine recreational fishery in NamibiaNARA Subscribed
Recreational fishing is popular worldwide, but many low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) are experiencing increased participation and reduced catches. Like other LMICs, the recreational fishery in Namibia is facing concerns regarding its sustainability. Empirical evidence suggested limited knowledge of the fish and fishery as one plausible cause. Herein, we used a horizon scan survey to identify critical questions by angle...
The applicability of regional red list assessments for soil invertebrates: first assessment of five native earthworm species in CanadaNARA Subscribed
Earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Crassiclitellata) are prominent members of the soil community, important to many ecosystem functions. Despite this, and like many other soil invertebrates, they are rarely considered in conservation assessments, including the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments used to assess species’ extinction risk. To investigate the applicability of the IUCN Regional...
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023: The First Five Years of Data From a Coordinated Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multicontributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of specie...
Climate risk assessment of the fisheries in NamibiaNARA Subscribed
In Namibia, fisheries are important for food security and protein provisioning, income generation and trade; but they are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Not only does climate change impact the marine living resources crucial to fisheries; but changes in weather, currents and storminess are affecting the safety and effectiveness of fishing. Here we ask: What are the key risks from climate change to the eight large...