Countries use lethal control as a tool to respond to human–large carnivore conflicts to varying degrees. The aim of this study was to explore the complexities surrounding the often-controversial decision to lethally manage carnivores. We examined the cases of the tiger ( Panthera tigris ) in India and the wolf ( Canis lupus ) in Germany. This study used an Institutional Analysis and Development framework to analyze contrasting...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common surgical emergency in preterm infants; nonetheless, besides supportive measures, no treatment is available. NEC significantly increases length of hospitalization of preterm infants, causes severe morbidity and up to 70% mortality. Despite limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms, prematurity, dysbiosis and an underdeveloped immune system are known to increase the ris...