This study examines the trajectories, size, and spatial distribution of aerosols during breathing events of common bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus) in the National Aquarium in Baltimore, MD. Accounting for the aerodynamic drag and inertia of the small droplets, the trajectories are used for estimating the volumes and flow rates of the exhaled and inhaled air. Data are acquired by training two male and four female dolp...

To maximize energy available for foraging or reproduction, optimality theory suggests individuals allocate energy toward defensive behaviors equivalent to risk of predation. In this framework, repeat encounters with humans by wildlife that do not reduce individual fitness could result in a decreased defensive response toward humans in subsequent encounters. We investigated whether individual experience influenced the defensive...