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Rationale Cannabidiol (CBD) has previously been suggested to be an emerging pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), however, results from clinical studies remain mixed and potential mechanisms remain elusive. Objectives The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential for CBD to modulate neurobiological, cognitive and psychological processes during anticipation of threatening stimuli. Methods In a cross-ove...
Dryland ecosystems cover 41% of Earth's land surfaces, account for 44% of cultivated lands and 60% of food sources, and make large contributions to the global water and carbon cycles. However, these ecosystems are experiencing unprecedented extremes including heatwaves, floods, and droughts as well as hotter temperatures and often declining water resource availability. These ecosystems are some of the most challenging to monit...
Forecasting future instability hazards at Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia, using archival reconstructions of edifice evolutionNARA Subscribed
Volcanic lateral collapses represent major hazards through associated eruptive activity, landslide inundation and, in island or coastal settings, the generation of tsunamis. Forecasting the timing, precursory indicators, and magnitude of lateral collapses still remains a significant gap in volcanic risk management, a challenge exemplified by the 2018 lateral collapse of Anak Krakatau, Indonesia. The volcano’s southwestern flan...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Timing Is Everything: The Effect of Exposure to Pollution on Wildlife Gut Microbiota Is Contingent on SeasonNARA Subscribed
Exposure to environmental pollutants can disrupt the gut microbiota, but how pollutants impact natural, seasonal changes in wildlife gut microbiota remains unknown. We quantified how exposure to radionuclides affected temporal changes in the gut microbiota of bank voles ( Clethrionomys glareolus ) inhabiting the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), Ukraine. Wild‐caught bank voles from contaminated and uncontaminated areas within th...
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, which traps significantly more heat than carbon dioxide over short timescales, but remains underrepresented in models used for projecting future climate scenarios, particularly in permafrost landscapes. Understanding methane dynamics in northern wetlands is critical for improving projections of high‐latitude carbon feedbacks to the global climate system. To address this, we integrated ecolog...
Marine species with high fecundity and larvae with long-distance dispersal potential can have complex population genetic patterns. Characterizing population structure in these species is important for understanding their ecology and life history and designing management strategies. The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is both ecologically and economically important but has experienced recent population declines. Characte...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
The odds and costs of ambulance attendances associated with heatwave severity in older adults of queensland, AustraliaNARA Subscribed
Ambulance attendances have been increasingly reported to be a sensitive indicator of increased health service utilisations during heatwaves. This study estimated the odds and costs of ambulance attendances associated with heatwave severity (low-intensity, severe, and extreme) in older adults (≥ 65 years) from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2018 in the State of Queensland, Australia. The findings showed that low-intensity, s...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...