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Assessment of a Baited Remote Underwater Video Method to Evaluate American Lobster ( Homarus americanus ) Response to Baits in NatureNARA Subscribed
The American Lobster ( Homarus americanus ) is the target of an extensive fishery in the Northwest Atlantic, yet there is no systematic method for evaluating relative performance of baits for the fishery. We used Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV) to assess lobster attraction to commercial baits versus natural prey. Significantly higher counts of lobsters in BRUV with commercial baits (herring, mackerel, and rock crab) matc...
Beyond Climate Change: The Role of Integrated Soil Fertility Management for Sustaining Future Maize Yield in Sub‐Saharan AfricaNARA Subscribed
Climate change is projected to exacerbate food insecurity in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) by reducing crop yields and soil fertility. Many climate change impact studies in SSA have overlooked long‐term effects of soil fertility on crop yield. We evaluated maize yields under different scenarios of soil fertility (using soil organic carbon as a proxy) and climate change (considering changes in temperature, rainfall, and CO 2 ) at fo...
The Amundsen Sea polynya hosts intense sea ice formation, but, due to the presence of relatively warm and salty modified Circumpolar Deep Water, the cold, brine-enriched water is not typically dense enough to sink to the deep ocean. A hydrographic survey of the Dotson Ice Shelf region in the Amundsen Sea using two ocean gliders identified and characterised subsurface lenses containing water with temperatures less than −1.70 °C...
Past and future wheat yield losses in France’s breadbasketNARA Subscribed
Consistent Individual Differences and Plasticity in Migration Behaviour of Three North American UngulatesNARA Subscribed
Migratory herbivores often time spring migration to coincide with the green‐up of plants. When the timing of green‐up changes across years, herbivores can respond directly and be plastic to changing conditions or populations may adapt via inherent differences among individuals that may allow for an evolutionary response. We quantified plasticity and individual variation in the timing of spring migration and selection for high‐...
Macroalgal beds are increasingly recognised as nursery habitats for coral reef fish; however, the extent to which they are used as a source of food and/or a refuge from predation remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the distribution, feeding behaviour, diet, and predation risk for juvenile rabbitfish in macroalgal habitats on Orpheus Island, Great Barrier Reef. Visual surveys revealed that juvenile and adult Siganu...
The extreme 2016 wheat yield failure in FranceNARA Subscribed
France suffered, in 2016, the most extreme wheat yield decline in recent history, with some districts losing 55% yield. To attribute causes, we combined the largest coherent detailed wheat field experimental dataset with statistical and crop model techniques, climate information, and yield physiology. The 2016 yield was composed of up to 40% fewer grains that were up to 30% lighter than expected across eight research stations...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Over the past decade, our understanding of the Indian Ocean has advanced through concerted efforts toward measuring the ocean circulation and air–sea exchanges, detecting changes in water masses, and linking physical processes to ecologically important variables. New circulation pathways and mechanisms have been discovered that control atmospheric and oceanic mean state and variability. This review brings together new understa...
Modelling climate change impacts on maize yields under low nitrogen input conditions in sub‐Saharan AfricaNARA Subscribed
Smallholder farmers in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) currently grow rainfed maize with limited inputs including fertilizer. Climate change may exacerbate current production constraints. Crop models can help quantify the potential impact of climate change on maize yields, but a comprehensive multimodel assessment of simulation accuracy and uncertainty in these low‐input systems is currently lacking. We evaluated the impact of varyin...
Selective Sensory Axon Reinnervation and TRPV1 ActivationNARA Subscribed
Efforts to limit global warming to below 2°C in relation to the pre‐industrial level are under way, in accordance with the 2015 Paris Agreement. However, most impact research on agriculture to date has focused on impacts of warming >2°C on mean crop yields, and many previous studies did not focus sufficiently on extreme events and yield interannual variability. Here, with the latest climate scenarios from the Half a degree Add...
Climate change impact and adaptation for wheat proteinNARA Subscribed
Wheat grain protein concentration is an important determinant of wheat quality for human nutrition that is often overlooked in efforts to improve crop production. We tested and applied a 32‐multi‐model ensemble to simulate global wheat yield and quality in a changing climate. Potential benefits of elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration by 2050 on global wheat grain and protein yield are likely to be negated by impacts from ri...