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Distributed optical fibre sensing (DOFS) is a technology that enables continuous, real-time measurements of a range of environmental parameters along the length of a fibre optic cable. In this article, we review the recently emerged applications of DOFS techniques in physical oceanography and offer a perspective on the technology's potential for future growth within the field. The introduction of DOFS to physical oceanography...
PD-L1 expression and characterization of its carrier macrophages in placentas with acute and specifically post-SARS-CoV-2 infectionNARA Subscribed
At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, uncertainties about the virus and its dangers during pregnancy caused great uncertainty and fear, especially among pregnant women. New data suggest an increased risk of obstetric complications, including maternal complications, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, hypertensive disorders, stillbirths, gestational diabetes and risk, of neonatal deve...
Pine Island Bay (PIB), situated in the Amundsen Sea, is renowned for its retreating ice shelves and highly variable sea ice. While brine rejection from sea ice formation and glacial meltwater influence seawater properties, the downstream impacts beneath the region's floating ice shelves remain poorly understood. Here, we exploit an unprecedented multiyear (2020–2023) oceanographic time series from instruments deployed through...
Coastal urbanization-related stressors affect fish herbivory in the Spermonde Archipelago, IndonesiaOA Marine
Coastal urbanization has significantly degraded coral reef habitats worldwide, often driving shifts from coral to algal dominance. Quantifying fish herbivory, a key ecological process mitigating such transitions, is essential for understanding reef health, functioning, and resilience. This study examined herbivory rates (bites multiplied by fish biomass) across five fish functional groups (detritivores, croppers, browsers, scr...
Vole hunting: novel predatory and carnivorous behavior by California ground squirrelsNARA Subscribed
Dietary flexibility allows animals to respond adaptively to food pulses in the environment. Here we document the novel emergence of widespread hunting of California voles and carnivorous feeding behavior by California ground squirrels. Over two months in the twelfth year of a long-term study on the squirrel population, we document 74 events of juvenile and adult ground squirrels of both sexes depredating, consuming, and/or com...
Architecture, light, and circadian biology: A scoping reviewNARA Subscribed
Excess particulate organic matter negatively affects the ecophysiology of the widespread soft coral Xenia umbellataNARA Subscribed
Coastal coral reefs are experiencing rising concentrations of organic matter. While dissolved organic matter (DOM), rather than particulate organic matter (POM), may negatively impact hard corals, the impact on soft corals remains unclear. We examined the physiological effect of 20 mg L −1 of organic carbon (C) addition on the widespread Indo-Pacific soft coral Xenia umbellata in a series of tank experiments over 28 days. We s...
Proximal microclimate: Moving beyond spatiotemporal resolution improves ecological predictionsNARA Subscribed
Aim The scale of environmental data is often defined by their extent (spatial area, temporal duration) and resolution (grain size, temporal interval). Although describing climate data scale via these terms is appropriate for most meteorological applications, for ecology and biogeography, climate data of the same spatiotemporal resolution and extent may differ in their relevance to an organism. Here, we propose that climate pro...
Recovery and resilience of European temperate forests after large and severe disturbancesNARA Subscribed
Recent observations of tree regeneration failures following large and severe disturbances, particularly under warm and dry conditions, have raised concerns about the resilience of forest ecosystems and their recovery dynamics in the face of climate change. We investigated the recovery of temperate forests in Europe after large and severe disturbance events (i.e., resulting in more than 70% canopy loss in patches larger than 1...
Introduction Coral bleaching immediately impacts the reef benthos, but effects on fish communities are less well understood because they are often delayed and confounded by anthropogenic interactions. Methods We assessed changes in fish abundance, biomass and community composition before and after the 2015/16 coral bleaching event at Aldabra Atoll, Seychelles, where local human impacts are minimal, but reefs suffered 50% bleac...
We delineated and scored Biologically Important Areas (BIAs) for cetacean species in the Gulf of Alaska region. BIAs represent areas and times in which cetaceans are known to concentrate for activities related to reproduction, feeding, and migration, and also the known ranges of small and resident populations. This National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA)-led effort uses structured expert elicitation principles to b...
One mechanism giving fleshy algae a competitive advantage over corals during reef degradation is algal-induced and microbially-mediated hypoxia (typically less than 69.5 µmol oxygen L −1 ). During hypoxic conditions oxygen availability becomes insufficient to sustain aerobic respiration in most metazoans. Algae are more tolerant of low oxygen conditions and may outcompete corals weakened by hypoxia. A key question on the ecolo...
In the Mediterranean, the fleshy, mat-forming red alga Phyllophora crispa creates high-biodiversity habitats that influence light availability, water movement, and temperature. However, knowledge about its influence on other key environmental parameters, such as oxygen availability, chlorophyll, and turbidity, is missing. Therefore, we conducted an in situ study in the Western Mediterranean Sea using multiparameter probes that...
Phosphate enrichment increases the resilience of the pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to warmingOA Marine
Hard corals are in decline as a result of the simultaneous occurrence of global (e.g., ocean warming) and local (e.g., inorganic eutrophication) factors, facilitating phase shifts towards soft coral dominated reefs. Yet, related knowledge about soft coral responses to anthropogenic factors remains scarce. We thus investigated the ecophysiological response of the pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to individual and combined e...
The upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea increasingly occurs in many (sub-) tropical coastal habitats such as mangrove forests, seagrass meadows, and coral reefs. Its mixotrophic lifestyle and ecophysiological plasticity as well as a high regenerative capacity may be reasons for its success. While the regeneration of umbrella tissue and body structures (i.e. rhopalia and oral arms) was already demonstrated, it remains unclear wheth...
Association patterns and community structure among female bottlenose dolphins: environmental, genetic and cultural factorsNARA Subscribed
Social structuring from assortative associations may affect individual fitness, as well as population-level processes. Gaining a broader understanding of social structure can improve our knowledge of social evolution and inform wildlife conservation. We investigated association patterns and community structure of female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops aduncus ) in Shark Bay, Western Australia, assessing the role of...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...