Protected areas ( PA s) are intended to provide native biodiversity and habitats with a refuge against the impacts of global change, particularly acting as natural filters against biological invasions. In practice, however, it is unknown how effective PA s will be in shielding native species from invasions under projected climate change. Here, we investigate the current and future potential distributions of 100 of the most inv...

Aim The Mediterranean region is a species‐rich area with a complex geographical history. Geographical barriers have been removed and restored due to sea level changes and local climatic change. Such barriers have been proposed as a plausible mechanism driving the high levels of speciation and endemism in the Mediterranean basin. This raises the fundamental question: is allopatric isolation the mechanism by which speciation occ...