The increasing awareness of the extent of urchin barrens and impacts of sea urchin overgrazing on rocky reefs in Aotearoa New Zealand has led to a rapid increase in the use of sea urchin removal as a tool for kelp forest restoration. Here, we review these restoration projects, focusing on three case studies, with the aim to provide context on what urchin removal does and does not achieve and guidance on when, where and how it...

Climate change poses an unprecedented risk to fisheries ecosystems and economies globally. Ocean warming has led to observed geographic shifts and changes in the productivity of fish stocks. Due to the rapid pace of change in many of the world's oceans, there is a critical need to develop and apply scientific knowledge and tools that can help account for non‐stationarity and integrate climate and ecosystem drivers into fishery...

The arrangement of the sensory epithelium over the surface of the olfactory lamellae in teleosts is variable, with a diverse pattern ranging from large expanses of continuous epithelium to numerous discrete islets. As the olfactory epithelium is the location where water-borne odorants interact with olfactory receptors, its spatial distribution pattern serves as an important anatomical proxy for olfactory ability. However, noth...

Background While canonical anabolic and proteolytic pathways have been well examined in the context of skeletal muscle proteostasis, the roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the induced unfolded protein response (UPR) are underappreciated. Thus, we aimed to determine whether aging and/or disuse atrophy in rats altered skeletal muscle ERS/UPR markers. Methods and Results Soleus (SOL) and plantaris (PLT) muscles of 3-...

Our sense of hearing starts in the inner ear organ, the cochlea, which contains two types of auditory hair cells for signal transduction. Earlier research showed that the complex cochlear physiology is regulated in part by purinergic signalling through activation of purine-mediated P2X, P2Y and adenosine receptors expressed in the cochlea. This study aims to extend our knowledge of purinergic signalling in the cochlea by compr...

On shallow rocky reefs in northeastern Aotearoa, New Zealand, urchin barrens are indicators of the ecosystem effects of overfishing reef predators. Yet, information on their extent and variability is lacking. We use aerial imagery to map the urchin barrens and kelp forests on reefs ( 2 of barrens exist across the region. This demonstrates the widespread nature of barrens, the potential long‐term effectiveness of no‐take marine...