C.M.P. Martin results 459
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Rays of the family Rhinopteridae Jordan & Evermann, 1896 are highly migratory and widely distributed in warm tropical and temperate waters. Along the Brazilian coast, the presence of two species has been recorded: Rhinoptera bonasus Mitchill, 1815 and Rhinoptera brasiliensis Müller, 1836. These stingrays are commonly caught as bycatch in trawl fisheries, however, the two species lack distinctive external morphological features...
Saliva plays a crucial role in oral defense across mammals by combining host-derived antimicrobial factors with antagonistic indigenous microbiota. Understanding the composition of the oral lactic microbiota in wild canids may provide valuable insights into microbial ecology and animal health. In this study, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus spp. isolated from the saliva of South American bush dogs ( Speothos venaticus ) and mane...
Effective stress regulation is essential for emotional health, whereas maladaptive stress responses contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Because neuron–microglia interactions are increasingly recognized as key modulators of neuroplasticity under physiological conditions, stress-related microglial dysregulation may contribute to aberrant neuronal responses implicated in...
Urban freshwater ecosystems are increasingly exposed to mixtures of pollutants, including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, their ecological effects remain poorly understood, especially in tropical regions with limited sanitation infrastructure. This study investigated PFAS contamination, water quality, and microbial community structure in Pampulha Lake, a tropical urban reservoir in southeastern Brazil. Spa...
Freshwater biodiversity in a rapidly changing Arctic: An expert horizon scan of key research questionsNARA Subscribed
Arctic freshwater biodiversity is rapidly changing due to climate warming, resource extraction, infrastructure development, and landscape transformation. To improve understanding, predict future responses, and inform policy formulation, research needs must be clearly identified. Using a horizon scan survey, Arctic freshwater experts from government, international agencies, and Indigenous Peoples identified 77 biodiversity rese...
Aim We evaluated how native vegetation cover influences the diversity of arachnid assemblages across multiple spatial scales in major Brazilian ecosystems. Location Brazil (Amazon and Atlantic rainforests, Cerrado savanna and Caatinga dry forest). Taxon Arachnida (Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones and Scorpiones). Methods We sampled arachnids at 120 sites using active search and litter sifting. Native vegetation cover was quantified...
Temperate Forest Floors: Ecosystem Hubs in Transition?NARA Subscribed
The forest floor (FF) plays a key role in carbon, nutrient, and water cycling. It is the biologically most active compartment of forest soils, highly responsive to environmental conditions. Yet, its response to current changes in environmental conditions and forest management is understudied. Temperate forests are among the best studied ecosystems globally, providing the necessary ecological and biogeochemical background infor...
Development of a Community-engaged Research Training Workshop for Clinician-Scientists and Early-stage InvestigatorsNARA Subscribed
Community-engaged research (CEnR), a collaboration between academics and community partners, is an effective approach in addressing the social drivers of health (SDOH) and health disparities in local communities. Yet, CEnR training is often not a standard component of training programs in research or clinical programs. To meet the need for CEnR training, we developed and implemented a workshop to increase CEnR knowledge and sk...
Small pelagic fish (SPF) are critical to the trophodynamic structure and function of marine systems and support some of the most valuable and socially important fisheries worldwide. Their “boom and bust” population dynamics, shifts in distribution, and importance as forage resources for other fish stocks place unique challenges to assessing and managing SPF. In response to these challenges, an international working group was f...
Rapid identification directly from urine using QUICKprep kitNARA Subscribed
Role of autonomic receptors in ethyl ferulate-induced cardiovascular effects in normotensive and hypertensive female ratsNARA Subscribed
Aims Ethyl ferulate (EF) may offer novel benefits in hypertension. We investigated the contribution of autonomic receptors to EF-induced effects in female Wistar and SHR. Methods Anesthetized females received EF intravenously at 7.5, 15, or 30 mg/kg. Autonomic involvement was evaluated using pretreatment with atropine, atenolol, or hexamethonium. MAP and HR were continuously monitored. Results EF induced rapid and pronounced r...
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major global health challenge, and wildlife has increasingly been recognized as an important sentinel for monitoring the environmental circulation of clinically relevant resistant bacteria. In this study, we report the phenotypic, genomic, and phylogenomic characterization of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate recovered from a free-ranging wild porcupine ( Coendou s...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Distribution and ecology of the four Macrourus species by‐caught in the longline fishery at South Georgia, Southern OceanNARA Subscribed
Although Macrourus species are the main by‐catch across Southern Ocean longline fisheries, including around South Georgia, the lack of species‐specific data has hindered effective management and ecological understanding. Aggregation of macrourids at genus level masks critical interspecific differences in life‐history strategies and vulnerabilities to fishing. Here, we provide the first comprehensive biological assessment of th...
Phosphorus and base cations drive contrasting root dynamics in a central Amazon forestNARA Subscribed
Background and aims In highly weathered soils of central Amazonia, where nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and base cations are scarce, fertilization experiments have demonstrated above- and belowground effects on total net primary productivity (NPP). This study examined how fine root stocks and turnover responded to added nutrients over a two-year period. We predicted that adding a limiting nutrient would decrease fine root st...
Aluminum (Al) contamination in acidic soils severely limits plant growth and development. This study investigated the mechanisms and timing of Al toxicity in Pfaffia glomerata , a medicinal species of growing pharmacological interest. Based on the hypothesis that P. glomerata mitigates Al toxicity through tissue-specific adjustments in redox metabolism, accumulation of protective metabolites, and regulation of genes involved i...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...