C.R. Goddard results 21
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Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Understanding fish life history is essential for effective management of fisheries, but continuous tracking over lifetime temporal scales can be difficult. Fish otoliths contain a natural biogeochemical record of ambient environmental conditions and habitat use over such scales. However, ecological interpretations of these elemental compositions can be influenced by the structural composition of calcium carbonate otoliths, whi...
Priority effects, where the order and timing of species arrival influence the assembly of ecological communities, have been observed in a variety of taxa and habitats. However, the genetic and molecular basis of priority effects remains unclear, hindering a better understanding of when priority effects will be strong. We sought to gain such an understanding for the nectar yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii commonly found in the nec...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
The Context of Chemical Communication Driving a MutualismNARA Subscribed
Niche construction theory explains how organisms' niche modifications may feed back to affect their evolutionary trajectories. In theory, the evolution of other species accessing the same modified niche may also be affected. We propose that this niche construction may be a general mechanism driving the evolution of mutualisms. Drosophilid flies benefit from accessing yeast‐infested fruits, but the consequences of this interact...
An automated gas exchange tank for determining gas transfer velocities in natural seawater samplesOA Marine
In order to advance understanding of the role of seawater surfactants in the air–sea exchange of climatically active trace gases via suppression of the gas transfer velocity (kw), we constructed a fully automated, closed air–water gas exchange tank and coupled analytical system. The system allows water-side turbulence in the tank to be precisely controlled with an electronically operated baffle. Two coupled gas chromatographs...
In sexual populations, gene‐flow between niches is predicted to have differential consequences on local adaptation contingent upon the nature of trade‐offs underlying local adaptation. Sex retards local adaptation if antagonistic pleiotropy underlies trade‐offs, but facilitates adaptation if mutation accumulation underlies trade‐offs. We evaluate the effect of sex in heterogeneous environments by manipulating gene‐flow between...
Summary Humans have used S. cerevisiae to make alcoholic beverages for at least 5000 years and now this super‐model research organism is central to advances in our biological understanding. Current models for S. cerevisiae suggest that its population comprises distinct domesticated and natural groups as well as mosaic strains, but we generally know little of the forces which shape its population structure. In order to test the...
Bacterial diversity in the bacterioneuston (sea surface microlayer): the bacterioneuston through the looking glassNARA Subscribed
Summary The bacterioneuston is defined as the community of bacteria present within the neuston or sea surface microlayer. Bacteria within this layer were sampled using a membrane filter technique and bacterial diversity was compared with that in the underlying pelagic coastal seawater using molecular ecological techniques. 16S rRNA gene libraries of ≈ 500 clones were constructed from both bacterioneuston and the pelagic water...
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