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Role of freshwater availability and terrestrial land‐cover change in the distribution of a declining, terrestrial, insectivorous birdNARA Subscribed
Insectivorous, Afro‐Palearctic migrant birds provide cross‐border ecosystem services, but many are declining rapidly. The complex life cycle of migrant birds makes their conservation difficult, but understanding where they spend time during the breeding season can help indicate where those actions will be most effective. We used the spotted flycatcher ( Muscicapa striata ), a declining, Afro‐Palearctic, migratory insectivore a...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Linking persistent open-vent activity and caldera-forming eruptions at Tofua volcano, TongaNARA Subscribed
Tofua volcano (Tonga) currently exhibits persistent, open-vent activity; however, this contrasts with previous explosive, caldera-forming eruptions. To understand the relationship between these dichotomous eruption styles, we present new field observations and satellite remote sensing data that reveal excess degassing of SO 2 and demonstrate significant magma accumulation over timescales of centuries. Current activity takes th...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
A method to identify positive tipping points to accelerate low-carbon transitions and actions to trigger themNARA Subscribed
Meeting the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to “well below 2 °C” requires a radical acceleration of action, as the global economy is decarbonising at least five times too slowly. Tipping points, where low-carbon transitions become self-propelling, could be key to achieving the necessary acceleration. We deem these normatively ‘positive’, because they can limit considerable, inequitable harms from global warming and hel...
Pelagic sharks target long‐lived, retentive anticyclonic eddies in the Northwest Atlantic OceanNARA Subscribed
Open ocean ecosystems represent the largest habitat on Earth and are highly dynamic in time and space. Mesoscale eddies are a primary driver of this variability and serve a key structural role in ocean ecosystems. Eddies modulate marine biodiversity beyond their impacts on plankton, influencing many ecologically and commercially important predators that may preferentially occupy anticyclonic eddies. However, how animal‐eddy in...
Acoustic Monitoring Enables Multi‐Taxa Conservation Assessment and Prioritisation Over Large Scales and for Rare and Cryptic SpeciesNARA Subscribed
Aim To combat the global biodiversity crisis, robust and scalable data are needed to target, monitor and evaluate conservation efforts, particularly in data‐poor regions and for cryptic taxa. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) has the potential to provide solutions, but real‐world examples are still rare. We demonstrate how PAM data can be used to rapidly and effectively map distributions of multiple taxa over large scales, in...
The Evolution of Southern Ocean Net Primary Production in a Changing Climate: Challenges and OpportunitiesNARA Subscribed
Net primary production in the Southern Ocean plays a critical role in governing ecosystem production, the biological carbon pump, and global biogeochemical cycles. Recent work has advanced our understanding of novel factors regulating Southern Ocean net primary production and the regional physiological adaptations employed by Southern Ocean phytoplankton in terms of their photosynthetic strategies and resource acquisition. Her...
A habitat‐based approach to reporting the direct impacts of an organization on biodiversityNARA Subscribed
There is a rapidly growing need for efficient but rigorous methods for organizations to assess and disclose their biodiversity impacts. We devised a habitat‐based analytical approach for estimating the direct impacts of an organization on biodiversity. In our broad approach, we considered the time series of an organization's spatial footprint and assumed its biodiversity position was the accumulated positive and negative impac...
Experimental constraints on shallow differentiation of high-Mg andesite at Whakaari, New ZealandNARA Subscribed
Phase equilibrium experiments were used to determine conditions of melt evolution and phenocryst growth in high-Mg andesite magmas that were erupted at Whakaari (White Island) in New Zealand between 1976 and 2000. The high-Mg andesites are both mafic (7.21–10.3 wt% MgO) and silica-rich (55.3–58.6 wt% SiO 2 ) with phenocrysts of plagioclase, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, olivine, Cr-spinel and Fe–Ti oxides contained in a glassy...
Forest Topsoil Organic Carbon Declines Under Ash DiebackNARA Subscribed
Tree diseases are increasingly affecting woodland ecosystems across the world. However, the impact of these diseases upon the soil, and in particular soil carbon, is still poorly understood. Here we present the results of a field survey of ~100 woodlands across Great Britain measured in 1971, 2001 and 2022 and evaluate the fifty‐year trend in topsoil (0–15 cm) carbon based upon measurements of soil organic matter (SOM) and the...
Anopheles mosquitoes are major malaria vectors, encompassing several species complexes with diverse life histories, transmission risks and insecticide resistance profiles that challenge malaria control efforts. This study investigated the genetic structure and insecticide resistance profiles of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes in Tanzania. We analysed whole‐genome sequence data of 300 mosquitoes collected between 2012 and...
Could rear-arc volcanism be driven by mantle instability?NARA Subscribed
Coral bleaching poses a severe threat to the health and survival of global coral reef ecosystems, with recent events surpassing historical heat stress records. To address this crisis, improved long-term monitoring, communication, and coordination are urgently required to enhance conservation, management, and policy responses. This study reviews global coral bleaching survey methodologies and datasets spanning 1963 to 2022, ide...