Scandium (Sc) is classified as a critical and strategic raw material due to its applications in the aerospace industry and in modern energy systems. As scandium rarely forms independent minerals, it accumulates in secondary streams. This article describes a conceptual process, which can be integrated into existing titanium processes, for the selective recovery of scandium from chloride-rich hydrolysis solutions from titanium d...

This article investigates the mineralogical characteristics and beneficiation potential of zircon and phosphate minerals in ilmenite-rich heavy mineral sand tailings from a Ukrainian deposit. Based on a comprehensive fractional class analysis, it is observed that a significant enrichment of zircon, monazite, and xenotime occurs in the fine fraction (