Methotrexate (MTX) can induce adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including severe haematotoxic events. This study analyses whether agranulocytosis is disproportionately reported in spontaneous reports involving MTX for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when use of metamizole, a non-opioid analgesic, which itself has been associated with agranulocytosis, is recorded additionally. Using the EudraVigilance database, we analyzed spontaneous re...

Rationale Working memory deficits are a core feature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, yet effective pharmacological strategies remain elusive. The trial unique non-matching to location (TUNL) task offers improved face validity compared to traditional maze-based tasks; however, no systemically administered compound has been shown to enhance performance in this task in naïve mice. Furthermore,...

Despite being central to the implementation of conservation policies, the usefulness of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is hampered by the 14% of species classified as data‐deficient (DD) because information to evaluate these species’ extinction risk was lacking when they were last assessed or because assessors did not appropriately account for uncertainty. Robust method...

Purpose Fentanyl, a highly potent synthetic opioid used in cancer and non-cancer pain, is approved for various routes of administration. In Europe, fentanyl consumption increased substantially in the last decades but information on abuse, dependence and withdrawal associated with fentanyl is scarce, especially with respect to its different formulations. Methods We analysed case characteristics of spontaneous reports of suspect...

Climate change impacts on the structure and function of ecosystems will worsen public health issues like allergic diseases. Birch trees ( Betula spp.) are important sources of aeroallergens in Central and Northern Europe. Birches are vulnerable to climate change as these trees are sensitive to increased temperatures and summer droughts. This study aims to examine the effect of climate change on airborne birch pollen concentrat...

Aim In several ecosystems, the diversity of functional species traits has been shown to have a stronger effect on ecosystem functioning than taxonomic diversity alone. However, few studies have explored this idea at a large geographical scale. In a multisite experiment, we unravelled the relationship between ecosystem function and functional completeness of species assemblages using dung beetles as a model group, focusing on d...

What forces structure ecological assemblages? A key limitation to general insights about assemblage structure is the availability of data that are collected at a small spatial grain (local assemblages) and a large spatial extent (global coverage). Here, we present published and unpublished data from 51 ,388 ant abundance and occurrence records of more than 2,693 species and 7,953 morphospecies from local assemblages collected...