Aim Climate change is known to be a driver of changes in forest plant communities and to modify disturbance regimes. We investigated whether forest gaps favoured vegetation adaptation to warmer climates by accelerating the shift of plant communities to a warmer‐adapted composition independently of canopy closure linked to natural forest dynamics. Location Temperate and mountainous forests of France. Time period 2002–2018. Majo...

Fish are the second most widely utilized vertebrate group used for scientific procedures in the United Kingdom, but the development and application of 3Rs (the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement) in aquaculture disease research lags behind methodologies in place for mammalian studies. With a need for individual monitoring and non‐lethal sampling, the effect of repeat anaesthesia on experimental fish needs to...