The bacterial disease vibriosis in farmed shrimps typically occurs when the host immunity is compromised, creating favourable conditions for pathogenic vibrios to proliferate and express virulence factors that contribute to disease development. Therefore, effective control of vibriosis requires interventions that not only enhance host immune competence but also attenuate pathogen virulence. This study evaluated whether Pandanu...

The orange‐spotted grouper ( Epinephelus coioides ) is one of the most popular fish in aquaculture due to its high economic value. However, the random occurrence of slow‐growing population has led to profit loss. Therefore, transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in driving slow and fast growth, towards addressing this issue. Results show that low expression of developmental genes su...