MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single‐stranded non‐coding RNA molecules. In addition to participating in various biological processes of eukaryotes, such as cell proliferation, development, differentiation, metabolism, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis, miRNAs also play an important role in the regulation of virus replication. Here, we review the current knowledge on high‐throughput miRNA sequencing of teleost fish or fish cells in respons...