A systematic chemical investigation of the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium limosum ZEN48 resulted in the isolation of four new indole-diketopiperazine alkaloids, limopiperazines A–D ( 1 – 4 ), alongside 16 known analogues ( 5 – 20 ). The structures of the new compounds were determined through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations, X-ray crystallography, and biogenetic considerations. Limopiper...

Introduction Tracing methane originating from deep-sea environments is essential for understanding the global methane budget. However, knowledge regarding the mechanisms governing methane transfer from deep-sea sediments to the water column in cold seep environments remains limited. This study aims to quantitatively investigate the distribution of methane and identify its controlling factors within the Haima cold seep areas. M...