Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) have become pervasive contaminants in air, water, and food, leading to continuous human exposure. Contrary to the long-standing assumption that these particles are biologically inert, accumulating evidence now shows that MNPs cross epithelial and endothelial barriers, circulate systemically, and accumulate in cardiovascular tissues. Experimental, translational, and early clinical studies d...