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Parasites play a critical yet understudied role in Arctic ecosystems, particularly within key subsistence species such as Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ). As the Arctic undergoes rapid climate-driven change, establishing baseline parasite biodiversity is essential for monitoring ecological shifts and anticipating emerging health and conservation concerns. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of Arct...
The Integration of Fire Ecology and Freshwater Ecosystems in North America: Knowledge Gaps and Research NeedsNARA Subscribed
Wildfires, unplanned fires that start and spread under the influence of weather and fuel composition, are increasing in frequency, duration, and severity across North America. While wildfires are one component of wildland fire, a broader natural process in many ecosystems, their changing behavior poses growing ecological and management challenges. Although wildfire is widely recognized as an important disturbance, empirical re...
The grenadiers Macrourus caml and M. whitsoni form a significant bycatch component of longline fisheries for Antarctic toothfish ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) in the Southern Ocean. A lack of species-level biological and catch data has to date hindered the development of quantitative assessments for these deepwater species. This paper examines species- and sex-specific life histories of M . caml and M . whitsoni in the Ross Sea reg...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
We use a long time series of catch abundance from a recreational fishery over 116 years to look for population trends in Atlantic salmon, and anadromous (sea trout) and non-anadromous (brown) trout for a single catchment, Loch Lomond, west central Scotland. Year strongly predicted variation in catches but catch effort did not meaningfully increase explained variation. Salmon showed periods of increasing and decreasing trends,...
Marine and freshwater regime changes impact a community of migratory Pacific salmonids in declineNARA Subscribed
Marine and freshwater ecosystems are increasingly at risk of large and cascading changes from multiple human activities (termed “regime shifts”), which can impact population productivity, resilience, and ecosystem structure. Pacific salmon exhibit persistent and large fluctuations in their population dynamics driven by combinations of intrinsic (e.g., density dependence) and extrinsic factors (e.g., ecosystem changes, species...
Troubled waters: Threats and extinction risk of the sharks, rays and chimaeras of the Arabian Sea and adjacent watersNARA Subscribed
The extinction risk of sharks, rays and chimaeras is higher than that for most other vertebrates due to low intrinsic population growth rates of many species and the fishing intensity they face. The Arabian Sea and adjacent waters border some of the most important chondrichthyan fishing and trading nations globally, yet there has been no previous attempt to assess the conservation status of species occurring here. Using IUCN R...
Ecologists trying to understand the value of habitat to animals must first describe the value of resources contained in the habitat to animals and, second, they must describe spatial variation in resource quality at a resolution relevant to individual animal foraging. We addressed these issues in a study of koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus ) in a Eucalyptus woodland. We measured beneficial and deterrent chemical characteristics...
Recent studies have led to the recognition of Galaxias depressiceps and reinstatement of Galaxias anomalus . The two species maintain near allopatric distributions and it has been suggested that spawning habitat availability, at least partially, controls the distribution of these species. The spawning habitat of each species was determined and an assessment of the influence of spawning habitat availability on the distribution...
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