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Dispersal is one of the most important aspects of animal behavior and can have far‐reaching consequences for organismal ecology and evolution. Despite recent theoretical advances in understanding why individuals within the same population vary in dispersal behavior, relatively few studies have empirically evaluated the long‐term causes and consequences of variable dispersal within natural populations. In this study, we used li...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Developmental stage‐dependent effects of perceived predation risk on nestling tree swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor )NARA Subscribed
The risk of predation directly affects the physiology, behavior, and fitness of wild birds. Strong social connections with conspecifics could help individuals recover from a stressful experience such as a predation event; however, competitive interactions also have the potential to exacerbate stress. Few studies have investigated the interaction between environmental stressors and the social landscape in wild bird populations....
Acoustic surveys for sperm whales ( Physeter macrocephalus ) were conducted in the Mediterranean Sea in summer 2018 as part of the vessel-based component of the ACCOBAMS Survey Initiative (ASI). Equal-spaced zigzag transects provided uniform coverage of key sperm whale habitats and were surveyed using a towed hydrophone array deployed from a research vessel at speeds of 5-8 knots. A total of 14,039 km of tracklines were survey...
Extensive regional variation in the phenology of insects and their response to temperature across N orth A mericaNARA Subscribed
Climate change models often assume similar responses to temperatures across the range of a species, but local adaptation or phenotypic plasticity can lead plants and animals to respond differently to temperature in different parts of their range. To date, there have been few tests of this assumption at the scale of continents, so it is unclear if this is a large‐scale problem. Here, we examined the assumption that insect taxa...
Long‐term trends in extreme precipitation indices in IrelandNARA Subscribed
Knowledge of long‐term changes in climate extremes is vital to better understand climate variability and place present day extreme events in historical context. Analysis of trends in extreme precipitation in Ireland have largely been limited to the second half of the 20th century due to lack of data availability in digital format. Using recently digitized data, this study provides the first assessment of long‐term changes in e...
Full lifetime perspectives on the costs and benefits of lay‐date variation in tree swallowsNARA Subscribed
Animals must balance various costs and benefits when deciding when to breed. The costs and benefits of breeding at different times have received much attention, but most studies have been limited to investigating short‐term season‐to‐season fitness effects. However, breeding early, versus late, in a season may influence lifetime fitness over many years, trading off in complex ways across the breeder’s lifespan. In this study,...
Globally, few precipitation records extend to the 18th century. The England Wales Precipitation (EWP) series is a notable exception with continuous monthly records from 1766. EWP has found widespread use across diverse fields of research including trend detection, evaluation of climate model simulations, as a proxy for mid‐latitude atmospheric circulation, a predictor in long‐term European gridded precipitation data sets, the...
Over‐exploitation of top predators and fish stocks has altered ecosystems towards less productive systems with fewer trophic levels. In the Celtic Sea ( CS ), discards and bycatch levels have prompted concern about some fisheries, while fin and humpback whales are recovering from centuries of over‐exploitation. A lack of empirical evidence on the preferred diet of some predators such as whales in the CS has hindered the implem...
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