We provide timestamps for the major zinc-lead (Zn-Pb) Mississippi Valley-type Black Angel deposit (Greenland) based on new pyrite rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) isotope geochemistry data: (1) a Re-Os isochron age 1,884 ± 35 million years ago (Ma – 2σ, 1.8%) for subhedral pyrite cemented by sphalerite ± galena in dolomitized clean limestone, and, (2) a Re-Os model age 1,828 ± 16 Ma (2σ, 0.9%) for epigenetic massive pyrite in siltstone/...

The abundance and types of reef-bearing carbonate platforms reflect the evolution of Devonian climate, with conspicuous microbial-algal reefs in the warm Early and Late Devonian and sponge-coral reefs in the cooler Middle Devonian. A dolomitized Wenlock-Lower Devonian microbial-algal reef-bearing carbonate platform hosts epigenetic copper-cobalt-germanium (Cu-Co-Ge) sulfide mineralization at Ruby Creek-Bornite in the Brooks Ra...