Neuronal oscillations are a ubiquitous feature of brain activity, indexing functions from sensory selection to memory formation. Yet a unified framework that (i) accommodates the nonlinear, noise-driven nature of cortical dynamics and (ii) explains standard empirical measures—power, spectral entropy, coherence, Phase-Locking Value (PLV), Phase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC), and envelope correlations—remains elusive. A natural candi...

Understanding and sustainably managing complex environments such as marine ecosystems benefits from an integrated approach to ensure that information about all relevant components and their interactions at multiple and nested spatiotemporal scales are considered. This information is based on a wide range of ocean observations using different systems and approaches. An integrated approach thus requires effective collaboration b...

There is worldwide interest in monitoring changes in forest area for carbon budgeting and assessing biodiversity changes. For cost-effective monitoring over large areas, automated mapping is necessary. However, the accuracy of automated mapping is rarely high enough to permit accurate estimation of changes in forest area when there is small change. In this article, we show how accurate area statistics of small change can be ac...