Edwardsiella anguillarum is a gram‐negative bacterium, synonymous with previously described atypical, fish‐pathogenic Edwardsiella tarda . Originally described from eels in 2015, E. anguillarum is an important global fish pathogen, particularly in tilapia. This study describes intraspecific phenotypic and genotypic variability among 17 E. anguillarum isolates from non‐anguillid fish hosts and varied geographic origins. Isolate...

Yellowfin tuna ( Thunnus albacares ) is a valuable recreational and commercial species in Grenada and the Caribbean region. Myxozoans, specifically the monotypic Kudoidae family within the Order Multivalvulida, are marine parasitic organisms that can negatively impact fish health and marketability. On 8 September 2023, muscle fillets from a yellowfin tuna caught off the coast of Grenada and containing numerous white nodules we...

Lancefield serological group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae (GCSD) is an emerging cause of fish disease worldwide, largely associated with mariculture in Asia. In the United States (US), GCSD had been a pathogen of minimal concern for fish, but recent cases indicate a putative emergence in wild and cultured freshwater fish populations in the Americas. The current study discusses three novel cases of GCSD‐associated streptococcos...

Ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (IcHV1) is the most significant viral agent in U.S. catfish aquaculture. Little is known regarding the genetic stability and antigenic variability of IcHV1. Herein, the genetic and antigenic diversity of IcHV1 field isolates was assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and serum neutralization assays. RFLP analysis identified two distinct genotypes (IcHV1A and IcHV1B), both d...

Enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), caused by the gram‐negative enteric bacteria Edwardsiella ictaluri , is a significant threat to catfish aquaculture in the southeastern United States. Antibiotic intervention can reduce mortality; however, antibiotic use results in an imbalance, or dysbiosis, of the gut microbiota, which may increase susceptibility of otherwise healthy fish to enteric infections. Herein, recovery of the int...

Catfish farming is the largest aquaculture industry in the United States and an important economic driver in several southeastern states. Edwardsiella piscicida is a Gram‐negative pathogen associated with significant losses in catfish aquaculture. Several Gram‐negative bacteria use the BasS/BasR two‐component system (TCS) to adapt to environmental changes and the host immune system. Currently, the role of BasS/BasR system in E...

In the mid‐2010s, Edwardsiella tarda was reaffiliated into three discrete taxa ( E. anguillarum , E. piscicida , and E. tarda ), obscuring previous descriptions of E. tarda ‐induced pathology in fish. To clarify ambiguity regarding the pathology of E. tarda , E. piscicida , and E. anguillarum infections in US farm‐raised catfish, channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ), blue catfish ( I. furcatus ), and channel × blue catfish...

Edwardsiella piscicida is a growing problem for catfish aquaculture in the southeastern United States, particularly in channel ( Ictalurus punctatus ) x blue ( I. furcatus ) catfish hybrids. Research has shown E. piscicida isolates recovered from farmed catfish in Mississippi form at least five discrete phyletic groups, with no apparent differences in virulence in channel and hybrid catfish. Laboratory trials have shown a live...

Purpose Cannabichromene (CBC) is a phytocannabinoid commonly found in cannabis, yet its acute post-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) have not been examined in humans. This is a secondary data analysis from a trial investigating Spectrum Yellow oil, an oral cannabis product used for medical purposes that contained 20 mg cannabidiol (CBD), 0.9 mg Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and 1.1 mg CBC, per 1 mL of oil. Methods Participants ( N...

Edwardsiella piscicida is an emergent global fish pathogen with a wide host range, although host associations driving genetic diversity remain unclear. This study investigated the genetic and virulence diversity of 37 E. piscicida isolates recovered from 10 fish species in North America. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was conducted using concatenated alignments of the gyrB , pgi and phoU sequences. MLSA clustered the test...

The bacterium Edwardsiella piscicida causes significant losses in global aquaculture, particularly channel ( Ictalurus punctatus ) × blue ( I . furcatus ) hybrid catfish cultured in the south‐eastern United States. Emergence of E . piscicida in hybrid catfish is worrisome given current industry trends towards increased hybrid production. The project objectives were to assess intraspecific genetic variability of E . piscicida i...