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Demography and Localized Reservoirs of Diversity Underlie Global Divergence in the Giant Kelp Macrocystis pyriferaNARA Subscribed
Accurate assessments of genetic diversity are crucial for effective management of natural resources. Numerous evolutionary mechanisms and genetic constraints can shape lineage divergence, challenging our quantification of biodiversity. Here, using whole genome resequencing of globally distributed giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera (Order: Laminariales), we show clear separation of genetic groups across the Pacific based on 99 ge...
We report the first live in situ observations of the iconic goblin shark ( Mitsukurina owstoni ) on a seamount near Jarvis Island in 2019 and on the slope of the Tonga Trench in 2024. Past observations are restricted to specimens hauled to the surface, resulting in limited knowledge of this species' ecology. These observations extend its known geographic and depth range considerably, and extend the depth range of lamniform sha...
Pan‐Arctic Peatlands Have Expanded During Recent WarmingNARA Subscribed
The fate of carbon stored in Arctic peatlands remains uncertain because of the complex nature of the effects of climate change on permafrost and peatland carbon cycling. Expansion and/or shrinkage of Arctic peatlands under climate change also remain unknown due to lack of ground data and difficulties detecting changes in the extent of these ecosystems, meaning that land surface model predictions currently inadequately quantify...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Pelagic sharks target long‐lived, retentive anticyclonic eddies in the Northwest Atlantic OceanNARA Subscribed
Open ocean ecosystems represent the largest habitat on Earth and are highly dynamic in time and space. Mesoscale eddies are a primary driver of this variability and serve a key structural role in ocean ecosystems. Eddies modulate marine biodiversity beyond their impacts on plankton, influencing many ecologically and commercially important predators that may preferentially occupy anticyclonic eddies. However, how animal‐eddy in...
Choices conservation organizations make when designing and implementing protected area strategies affect the timing of land protection. Well‐timed habitat protection will have a greater impact on biodiversity outcomes; yet, decisions affecting the timing of protection have received much less attention than other aspects of protected area design. We reviewed evidence on the timing of protected area establishment and on temporal...
Genetic mixing in conservation translocations increases diversity of a keystone threatened species, Bettongia lesueurNARA Subscribed
Translocation programmes are increasingly being informed by genetic data to monitor and enhance conservation outcomes for both natural and established populations. These data provide a window into contemporary patterns of genetic diversity, structure and relatedness that can guide managers in how to best source animals for their translocation programmes. The inclusion of historical samples, where possible, strengthens monitori...
Understanding the genetics of adaptation and speciation is critical for a complete picture of how biodiversity is generated and maintained. Heterogeneous genomic differentiation between diverging taxa is commonly documented, with genomic regions of high differentiation interpreted as resulting from differential gene flow, linked selection and reduced recombination rates. Disentangling the roles of each of these non‐exclusive p...
Influence and characteristics of anticyclonic eddies in active MHW years in the Northwest AtlanticOA Marine
The Northwest Atlantic contains two subregions, the Gulf of Maine and the Mid-Atlantic Bight. This region is dynamically controlled by the Jet Stream, the Gulf Stream, (GS) and its eddies. Anticyclonic eddies (AEs) (warm core clockwise eddies) and cyclonic eddies (cold core counterclockwise eddies) influence oceanic properties as they are shed by the GS and dissipated in the Northwest Atlantic. Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) are extr...
Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severityNARA Subscribed
The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the pr...
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