D. BALDOCCHI results 36
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Interannual Variability in Greenhouse Gas Emissions Challenges Post‐Restoration Net Sink Predictions in California Delta WetlandsNARA Subscribed
Globally, wetlands can sequester and store large amounts of soil carbon over the long term due to high primary productivity and slow decomposition. Yet centuries of drainage for agriculture and development have turned many of these carbon sinks into greenhouse gas (GHG) sources. Restoring degraded wetlands, particularly in peat‐rich landscapes, is increasingly promoted as a nature‐based solution for climate change mitigation....
Methane (CH 4 ) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) with atmospheric concentrations that have nearly tripled since pre‐industrial times. Wetlands account for a large share of global CH 4 emissions, yet the magnitude and factors controlling CH 4 fluxes in tidal wetlands remain uncertain. We synthesized CH 4 flux data from 100 chamber and 9 eddy covariance (EC) sites across tidal marshes in the conterminous United States to assess...
Practical Guide to Measuring Wetland Carbon Pools and FluxesNARA Subscribed
Wetlands cover a small portion of the world, but have disproportionate influence on global carbon (C) sequestration, carbon dioxide and methane emissions, and aquatic C fluxes. However, the underlying biogeochemical processes that affect wetland C pools and fluxes are complex and dynamic, making measurements of wetland C challenging. Over decades of research, many observational, experimental, and analytical approaches have bee...
A novel approach to partitioning evapotranspiration into evaporation and transpiration in flooded ecosystemsNARA Subscribed
Reliable partitioning of micrometeorologically measured evapotranspiration (ET) into evaporation ( E ) and transpiration ( T ) would greatly enhance our understanding of the water cycle and its response to climate change related shifts in local‐to‐regional climate conditions and rising global levels of vapor pressure deficit (VPD). While some methods on ET partitioning have been developed, their underlying assumptions make the...
Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatlandNARA Subscribed
Reflooding formerly drained peatlands has been proposed as a means to reduce losses of organic matter and sequester soil carbon for climate change mitigation, but a renewal of high methane emissions has been reported for these ecosystems, offsetting mitigation potential. Our ability to interpret observed methane fluxes in reflooded peatlands and make predictions about future flux trends is limited due to a lack of detailed stu...
How eddy covariance flux measurements have contributed to our understanding of Global Change BiologyNARA Subscribed
A global network of long‐term carbon and water flux measurements has existed since the late 1990s. With its representative sampling of the terrestrial biosphere's climate and ecological spaces, this network is providing background information and direct measurements on how ecosystem metabolism responds to environmental and biological forcings and how they may be changing in a warmer world with more carbon dioxide. In this revi...
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open accessNARA Subscribed
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodivers...
Soil properties and sediment accretion modulate methane fluxes from restored wetlandsNARA Subscribed
Wetlands are the largest source of methane ( CH 4 ) globally, yet our understanding of how process‐level controls scale to ecosystem fluxes remains limited. It is particularly uncertain how variable soil properties influence ecosystem CH 4 emissions on annual time scales. We measured ecosystem carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) and CH 4 fluxes by eddy covariance from two wetlands recently restored on peat and alluvium soils within the Sa...
Effects of seasonality, transport pathway, and spatial structure on greenhouse gas fluxes in a restored wetlandNARA Subscribed
Wetlands can influence global climate via greenhouse gas ( GHG ) exchange of carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ), methane ( CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). Few studies have quantified the full GHG budget of wetlands due to the high spatial and temporal variability of fluxes. We report annual open‐water diffusion and ebullition fluxes of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O from a restored emergent marsh ecosystem. We combined these data with concur...
Metabolic theory and body size constraints on biomass production and decomposition suggest that differences in the intrinsic potential net ecosystem production ( NEP POT ) should be small among contrasting C 3 grasslands and therefore unable to explain the wide range in the annual apparent net ecosystem production ( NEP APP ) reported by previous studies. We estimated NEP POT for nine C 3 grasslands under contrasting climate a...
TRY – a global database of plant traitsNARA Subscribed
Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from species richness to ecosystem functional diversity. Trait data thus represent the raw material for a wide range of research from evol...
Multiscale analysis of temporal variability of soil CO 2 production as influenced by weather and vegetationNARA Subscribed
Ecosystem processes are influenced by weather and climatic perturbations at multiple temporal scales with a large range of amplitudes and phases. Technological advances of automated biometeorological measurements provide the opportunity to apply spectral methods on continuous time series to identify differences in amplitudes and phases and relationships with weather variation. Here we used wavelet coherence analysis to study t...
Albedo estimates for land surface models and support for a new paradigm based on foliage nitrogen concentrationNARA Subscribed
Vegetation albedo is a critical component of the Earth's climate system, yet efforts to evaluate and improve albedo parameterizations in climate models have lagged relative to other aspects of model development. Here, we calculated growing season albedos for deciduous and evergreen forests, crops, and grasslands based on over 40 site‐years of data from the AmeriFlux network and compared them with estimates presently used in th...
Over the last two and half decades, strong evidence showed that the terrestrial ecosystems are acting as a net sink for atmospheric carbon. However the spatial and temporal patterns of variation in the sink are not well known. In this study, we examined latitudinal patterns of interannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 based on 163 site‐years of eddy covariance data, from 39 northern‐hemisphere resea...
Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982–2006NARA Subscribed
Shifts in the timing of spring phenology are a central feature of global change research. Long‐term observations of plant phenology have been used to track vegetation responses to climate variability but are often limited to particular species and locations and may not represent synoptic patterns. Satellite remote sensing is instead used for continental to global monitoring. Although numerous methods exist to extract phenologi...