D. Bush results 77
· Newest (Page 1/4, per page 25)
Author: D. Bush ×Clear All Filters
Search Results
Deviations from additivity in APOE4-mediated late-onset Alzheimer’s disease risk across races and ethnicitiesNARA Subscribed
APOE ’s ε4 haplotype ( APOE4 ) is late onset Alzheimer’s disease’s (LOAD) strongest genetic risk factor. Therefore, accurately modeling APOE4 ’s effect is critical to understanding LOAD. This is especially important as APOE4 odds ratios (OR) vary across racial and ethnic (R/E) groups. We analyzed the APOE4 -LOAD association in 3,196 East Asian, 31,105 non-Hispanic White (White), 1,646 Hispanic and Latino (Hispanic), and 6,068...
Kinship Analysis Confirms Tolerant Galapagos Mockingbirds Are a Source of Nest Flies That Threaten Darwin's FinchesNARA Subscribed
Host species have evolved different strategies for dealing with parasites. ‘Vulnerable’ hosts, which suffer reduced fitness from parasites, are under selection to evolve defences. ‘Tolerant’ hosts, by contrast, avoid reductions in fitness by mitigating parasite damage. When tolerant and vulnerable hosts co‐occur, tolerant hosts may pose an indirect threat to vulnerable hosts by serving as a source of parasite infestation. Avia...
Disease outbreak data to inform decision-making: the role of disease spread models in the Lao P.D.R. African Swine Fever epidemic, 2019NARA Subscribed
Understanding the spread of African Swine Fever (ASF) between villages in the southeast-Asian, low − middle income country context is critical if this high impact disease is to be controlled by good policy and effective field activities in these resource-poor settings. Using governmental reporting data from the 2019 outbreak of ASF in Lao People’s Democratic Republic, spatial clustering techniques were used to identify cluster...
Conservation measures require accurate estimates of density and abundance and population trend assessments. The bonobo ( Pan paniscus ) is considered Endangered in the IUCN Red List. This classification assumes that available population data are representative. However, with only 30% of the bonobo’s historic geographical range surveyed, reliable information is needed to assess the species' population status. Here, we use infor...
Novel estimation of African swine fever transmission parameters within smallholder villages in Lao P.D.RNARA Subscribed
African Swine Fever (ASF) disease transmission parameters are crucial for making response and control decisions when faced with an outbreak, yet they are poorly quantified for smallholder and village contexts within Southeast Asia. Whilst disease-specific factors − such as latent and infectious periods − should remain reasonably consistent, host, environmental and management factors are likely to affect the rate of disease spr...
Phytolith assemblages reflect variability in human land use and the modern environmentNARA Subscribed
Phytoliths preserved in soils and sediments can be used to provide unique insights into past vegetation dynamics in response to human and climate change. Phytoliths can reconstruct local vegetation in terrestrial soils where pollen grains typically decay, providing a range of markers (or lack thereof) that document past human activities. The ca. 6 million km 2 of Amazonian forests have relatively few baseline datasets document...
Exploring chromosome evolution in 250 million year old groups of dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta:Odonata)NARA Subscribed
Using recently published chromosome‐length genome assemblies of two damselfly species, Ischnura elegans and Platycnemis pennipes , and two dragonfly species, Pantala flavescens and Tanypteryx hageni , we demonstrate that the autosomes of Odonata have undergone few fission, fusion, or inversion events, despite 250 million years of separation. In the four genomes discussed here, our results show that all autosomes have a clear o...
Warming, drought, and disturbances lead to shifts in functional composition: A millennial‐scale analysis for Amazonian and Andean sitesNARA Subscribed
Tropical forests are changing in composition and productivity, probably in response to changes in climate and disturbances. The responses to these multiple environmental drivers, and the mechanisms underlying the changes, remain largely unknown. Here, we use a functional trait approach on timescales of 10,000 years to assess how climate and disturbances influence the community‐mean adult height, leaf area, seed mass, and wood...
Motivation Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a comprehensive, global database of aquatic insect occurrences for mapping freshwater biodiversity in macroecological studies and applied freshwater research is missing. We aim to fill t...
Comprehensive analysis of epigenetic clocks reveals associations between disproportionate biological ageing and hippocampal volumeNARA Subscribed
The concept of age acceleration, the difference between biological age and chronological age, is of growing interest, particularly with respect to age-related disorders, such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Whilst studies have reported associations with AD risk and related phenotypes, there remains a lack of consensus on these associations. Here we aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between five recognised meas...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Significant gaps remain in understanding the response of plant reproduction to environmental change. This is partly because measuring reproduction in long‐lived plants requires direct observation over many years and such datasets have rarely been made publicly available. Here we introduce MASTREE+, a data set that collates reproductive time‐series data from across the globe and makes these data freely available to the communit...
Reef-building species are recognized as having an important ecological role and as generally enhancing the diversity of benthic organisms in marine habitats. However, although these ecosystem engineers have a facilitating role for some species, they may exclude or compete with others. The honeycomb worm Sabellaria alveolata ( Linnaeus, 1767 ) is an important foundation species, commonly found from northwest Ireland to northern...