Accurate tracking and measurement of pollen dispersal in the atmosphere are essential for assessing cross-pollination risks, particularly in the case of genetically engineered (GE) crops. We conducted a series of unique release-recapture field studies with GE switchgrass in Oliver Springs, TN, USA. Two hundred transgenic switchgrass plants ( Panicum virgatum L. “Performer”) were planted at the center of a clear-cut field, with...

Engineering crop plants with the biological nitrogen fixation pathway is a longstanding goal of modern agriculture. Dinitrogenase reductase (NifH) is a critical component of the biological nitrogen fixation pathway, with multiple roles in metal cofactor assembly and catalysis. This enzyme must be folded correctly as a soluble homodimer and loaded with the [4Fe-4S] metallocluster for function. Previous studies have found that K...

Purpose Many abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients develop intraluminal thrombus (ILT), but the role of ILT in AAA progression and rupture is poorly understood. Methods To evaluate ILT in AAAs, we induced AAAs in C57Bl6/J mice via surgical application of topical elastase to the abdominal aorta below the renal arteries and administration of β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) in drinking water. Ultrasound images of these AAAs were c...

Bottom‐tow gear fisheries (trawls and dredges) produce ~24 million mt of harvest annually, representing a globally important animal‐sourced food system. While many are currently sustainably managed, growing concern over the potential for ecosystem impacts from bottom‐tow gears has increased pressure to improve these fisheries. We assembled an international working group of > 30 contributors, including fishing industry particip...

Crustose lichens show a very large (roughly 100 times) growth rate cline across Antarctica from some of the lowest known growth rates in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (78° S) to near fastest in the maritime Livingston Island, 63° S. This gradient, which correlates with changes in temperature and precipitation, provides an ideal opportunity to monitor climate-driven change across Antarctica. Although the cline is based on reasonably...

In 2022 the presence of the Japanese sardine, Sardinops melanosticta (Temminck and Schlegel), was detected in the eastern Pacific Ocean, far outside its known western North Pacific range. The species was collected along with the Pacific sardine, Sardinops sagax (Jenyns), which is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. Here, we report the first direct evidence for spawning by S. melanosticta in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Fisheries provide critical economic, cultural, and ecological benefits to developing coastal countries such as The Bahamas. However, effective management remains challenging, particularly for traditional species such as spiny lobster, queen conch, and Nassau grouper. Despite existing regulations, overfishing and habitat degradation from both commercial and recreational sectors continue to threaten these populations, while limi...

In an underwater world, acoustic signaling is an important aspect of the social communication of marine mammal species with the complexity of a species’ vocal repertoire often considered to reflect the social complexity of the population. The acoustic behavior of blue whales is relatively well studied, though much of what is known is limited to the characteristically loud, low frequency songs that are believed to be produced a...