This study introduces a new species, Boechera sierraensis , recently discovered in the Sierra Nevada of California. Previous research has shown that this taxon possesses exceptional tolerance to environmental stressors, including heat, drought, and high light intensity, which make it a valuable research subject in the face of accelerating climate change. However, species delimitation within the genus Boechera is notoriously di...

Correlation of climate and infectious disease has been noted for millennia and recorded in the writings of Hippocrates. Given recent technological advances in both pathogen detection and monitoring of infectious diseases in a time of climate change, a detailed study of their link is now possible. In the aquatic environment, climate change has had an impact on ocean, estuary, and freshwater ecosystems that coincides with increa...

Summary Vibrio spp . thrive in warm water and moderate salinity, and they are associated with aquatic invertebrates, notably crustaceans and zooplankton. At least 12 Vibrio spp. are known to cause infection in humans, and Vibrio cholerae is well documented as the etiological agent of pandemic cholera. Pathogenic non‐cholera Vibrio spp ., e.g., Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus , cause gastroenteritis, septicemia, a...

Aim Two fundamental questions about human language demand answers: why are so many languages spoken today and why is their geographical distribution so uneven? Although hypotheses have been proposed for centuries, the processes that determine patterns of linguistic and cultural diversity remain poorly understood. Previous studies, which relied on correlative, curve‐fitting approaches, have produced contradictory results. Here...

Aims We aim to document elevational richness patterns of geometrid moths in a globally replicated, multi‐gradient setting, and to test general hypotheses on environmental and spatial effects (i.e. productivity, temperature, precipitation, area, mid‐domain effect and human habitat disturbance) on these richness patterns. Location Twenty‐six elevational gradients world‐wide (latitudes 28° S to 51° N). Methods We compiled field d...

Wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that occur in an estimated 20% of arthropod species. They are of broad interest because they profoundly affect the reproductive fitness of diverse host taxa. Here we document the apparent ubiquity and diversity of Wolbachia in the insect orders Anoplura (sucking lice) and Mallophaga (chewing lice), by detecting single or multiple infections in each of 25 tested populations of lice, represen...

Identification of relationships among geographically distinct populations of migratory species can provide an understanding of breeding and natal philopatry, migration pathways, and population mixing during winter. We used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses to search for markers specific to difficult‐to‐differentiate shorebird species (e.g. long‐billed dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus and short‐billed dowitcher...