Introduction Critical flicker fusion frequency (cFFF) measures visual perception, with higher values indicating better performance. It is widely used to assess the effects of breathing gases in diving and hyperbaric environments. Aim Identify confounders explaining inconsistent cFFF study results. Methods Four experiments using a manual flicker device in volunteers with healthy eyes: 1. cFFF was measured in 174 recreational di...

Wildlife diseases are a major global threat to biodiversity. Boreal toads ( Anaxyrus [Bufo] boreas ) are a state‐endangered species in the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico, and a species of concern in Wyoming, largely due to lethal skin infections caused by the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( Bd ). We performed conservation and landscape genomic analyses using single nucleotide poly...

When facing an emerging infectious disease of conservation concern, we often have little information on the nature of the host‐parasite interaction to inform management decisions. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the life‐history strategies of host species can be predictive of individual‐ and population‐level responses to infectious disease, even without detailed knowledge on the specifics of the host‐parasite i...

Kelp systems dominate nearshore marine environments in upwelling zones characterized by cold temperatures and high nutrients. Worldwide, kelp population persistence and recruitment success generally decreases with rising water temperatures coupled with low nutrients, making kelp populations vulnerable to impending warming of the oceans. This response to climate change at a global scale, however, may vary due to regional differ...

Almost three‐quarters of the 46 young adult and sub‐adult striped bass Morone saxatilis that were acoustically tagged in Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts, U.S.A., in the summer of 2006 were detected in one or more southern coastal arrays during their autumn migration. On the basis of the trajectories along which these M. saxatilis moved from feeding to overwintering areas, three migratory groups emerged. After leaving Plum I...

Chytridiomycosis is linked to the worldwide decline of amphibians, yet little is known about the demographic effects of the disease. We collected capture–recapture data on three populations of boreal toads ( Bufo boreas [Bufo = Anaxyrus] ) in the Rocky Mountains (U.S.A.). Two of the populations were infected with chytridiomycosis and one was not. We examined the effect of the presence of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytr...

The brittle‐star Acrocnida brachiata (Montagu) lives in sandy‐bottom habitat of both intertidal and subtidal zones along the coasts of the northwestern Europe. An allozyme frequency‐based survey (five enzyme loci) was combined with a mitochondrial (mt) COI haplotype analysis (598‐bp sequences) on 17 populations to trace back past colonization pathways from the actual population structure of the species. Both genetic markers di...