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Extreme climatic perturbations are becoming increasingly frequent, with substantial and long‐lasting legacy effects on biodiversity and ecosystems that may be compounded by human pressures such as illegal hunting. It is therefore vital to develop a better understanding of how best to manage and enhance ecosystem recovery. Using 15 years of data (2005–2019) from subtropical China, we investigated how an extreme ice storm event...
First in situ record of Rossia moelleri (bobtail squid) and egg masses in Northeast Greenland National ParkNARA Subscribed
While rapid environmental change is reshaping Arctic marine ecosystems, much of the region remains biologically unexplored. The marine habitats of Northeast Greenland National Park, the largest national park on Earth, are among the least documented with limited benthic and pelagic data available. Establishing biodiversity baselines in this region is crucial for understanding ecosystem function and resilience under accelerating...
Infectious disease is a growing threat to wildlife, with zoonotic transmission most likely at the human–wildlife interface. One underappreciated activity at this interface is fieldwork with wild animals, but associated risks can be mitigated through field hygiene (FH) practices, such as using personal protective equipment and other appropriate behaviors. Following the dissemination of International Union for Conservation of Na...
Estuary dependence to the survival of Chinook salmon was investigated at the Campbell River estuary, British Columbia, Canada. Replicate batches of marked smolts were transferred from a hatchery and released in 1983, 1984 and 1985 at four ecosystems, two that ensured estuarine experience (river, estuary) and two seawards of the estuary (transition, marine). Juveniles were tracked with beach seine collections, providing residen...
Many marine species depend on nurseries during early life stages to promote growth and increase survival to maturity, supporting stock replenishment and stability. Since the nursery was first formally defined 25 years ago as a habitat that yields a greater-than-average contribution of juvenile recruits to an adult population, researchers have repeatedly revisited the concept and debated the best nursery identification approach...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Two Contrasting Demographic Processes Shape the Divergence and Evolution of the Widespread Arid Zone Specialist, Petrogale lateralisNARA Subscribed
Organisms living in arid environments are predicted to be at increased risk of extinction under climatic and anthropogenic change. Response to past climate change can provide some insights into these risks; however, our understanding of the diversification and evolutionary history of many arid‐adapted species is still limited, particularly in Australia. Here, we evaluate the demographic and evolutionary history of a widespread...
Aotearoa New Zealand’s marine carbon cycle in a changing climate – Current understanding and future directionsNARA Subscribed
The marine system plays a critical role in the global climate cycle, as a major control of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Marine primary production (photosynthesis) and remineralisation of organic carbon (respiration, degradation) determine the amount of CO 2 sequestered in marine sediments and deep‐water environments on century to millennial timescales. The stocks and fluxes of the marine carbon cycle are susceptible to...
Genetic mixing in conservation translocations increases diversity of a keystone threatened species, Bettongia lesueurNARA Subscribed
Translocation programmes are increasingly being informed by genetic data to monitor and enhance conservation outcomes for both natural and established populations. These data provide a window into contemporary patterns of genetic diversity, structure and relatedness that can guide managers in how to best source animals for their translocation programmes. The inclusion of historical samples, where possible, strengthens monitori...
Global Drivers of Echolocating Mammal Species RichnessNARA Subscribed
Echolocation provides a non‐visual perception modality. The extensive diversity of echolocating mammal species is widely distributed across most global regions and latitudes, yet the factors determining their distribution remain unclear. Using Bayesian inference and dimensionality reduction analysis, here we established that mean annual temperature was the most important factor driving the richness of terrestrial echolocating...
Cross‐Continental Analysis Shows That Disturbance Effects on Reptile Body Condition Do Not Predict Abundance ResponsesNARA Subscribed
Ecological disturbances are discrete events that alter or transform the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of ecosystems. Disturbance can cause animal populations to decline and, according to the risk‐disturbance hypothesis and population collapse framework, these declines can be predicted by declines in animal body condition. However, no research has empirically examined the general relationship between body co...
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Characterising groundwater recharge is fundamental for sustainable groundwater management. This study focuses on assessing recharge in drylands using four experimental plots under different land-use practices in crystalline basement aquifers in three southern African countries (Chitedze in Malawi, Kabeleka and Liempe in Zambia, and Domboshawa in Zimbabwe). Several methods, including water-table fluctuation (WTF), chloride mass...