D. Sher results 18
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Inactivated microorganisms may reduce mycotoxins’ bioavailability, although in vivo evidence is limited especially in farm animals. This pilot study evaluated whether a fermented milk (FM) containing heat-inactivated biomasses of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 1% ( w/w ) mitigated the toxic effects of dietary aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FBs) in weaned piglets. Twenty-four male crossbred pigle...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Environmental and human iodine and selenium status: lessons from Gilgit-Baltistan, North-East PakistanNARA Subscribed
Iodine and selenium deficiencies are common worldwide. We assessed the iodine and selenium status of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. We determined the elemental composition (ICP-MS) of locally grown crops ( n = 281), drinking water ( n = 82), urine ( n = 451) and salt ( n = 76), correcting urinary analytes for hydration (creatinine, specific gravity). We estimated dietary iodine, selenium and salt intake. Median iodine and seleniu...
Multiple geochemical factors may cause iodine and selenium deficiency in Gilgit-Baltistan, PakistanNARA Subscribed
Deficiencies of the micronutrients iodine and selenium are particularly prevalent where populations consume local agricultural produce grown on soils with low iodine and selenium availability. This study focussed on such an area, Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, through a geochemical survey of iodine and selenium fractionation and speciation in irrigation water and arable soil. Iodine and selenium concentrations in water ranged f...
Selenium (Se) biofortification of staple cereal crops can improve the Se nutritional status of populations. A field trial employing an enriched stable isotope of Se ( 77 Se) was undertaken over three consecutive cropping seasons in a coarse-textured, calcareous soil in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The objectives were to (1) assess the feasibility and efficiency of Se biofortification, (2) determine the fate of residual Se, and...
Mutation of ATF6 causes autosomal recessive achromatopsiaNARA Subscribed
Phylogeography of lions ( Panthera leo ssp.) reveals three distinct taxa and a late Pleistocene reduction in genetic diversityNARA Subscribed
Lions were the most widespread carnivores in the late Pleistocene, ranging from southern Africa to the southern USA, but little is known about the evolutionary relationships among these Pleistocene populations or the dynamics that led to their extinction. Using ancient DNA techniques, we obtained mitochondrial sequences from 52 individuals sampled across the present and former range of lions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed thr...
The objective biomization method developed by Prentice et al . (1996) for Europe was extended using modern pollen samples from Beringia and then applied to fossil pollen data to reconstruct palaeovegetation patterns at 6000 and 18,000 14 C yr bp . The predicted modern distribution of tundra, taiga and cool conifer forests in Alaska and north‐western Canada generally corresponds well to actual vegetation patterns, although site...
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