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Bottom‐tow gear fisheries (trawls and dredges) produce ~24 million mt of harvest annually, representing a globally important animal‐sourced food system. While many are currently sustainably managed, growing concern over the potential for ecosystem impacts from bottom‐tow gears has increased pressure to improve these fisheries. We assembled an international working group of > 30 contributors, including fishing industry particip...
Contrasting life‐history strategies of three sympatric icefish species in the northern Scotia SeaNARA Subscribed
Comprehending a species' life‐history strategies is crucial to inform effective conservation efforts. Commercial fishing impacts icefish (family: Channichthyidae) in the Scotia Sea, but detailed information on species‐specific life histories remains largely unknown. In this study, the demographic characteristics of mackerel icefish ( Champsocephalus gunnari ), blackfin icefish ( Chaenocephalus aceratus ) and South Georgia icef...
Since its consolidation as a sub‐discipline of ecology in the late 1990s, urban ecology has grown substantially, enhancing our understanding of how urbanization shapes biodiversity and how biodiversity adapts to urbanization. Inherently interdisciplinary in its scope and application, urban ecology is rooted in multiple theoretical and methodological foundations, potentially making the field overwhelming for newcomers as the ke...
Role of funders in embedding tests in conservation practiceNARA Subscribed
Effective conservation practice requires decisions based on reliable and relevant evidence, but significant gaps in the evidence base exist. Incorporating well‐designed tests of the effectiveness of interventions for biodiversity in conservation projects is one of the best ways to scale up the rate of evidence generation. Funders of conservation projects are uniquely positioned to support and incentivize such tests as part of...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
A 25-year study (1994–2019) of starfish in Lough Hyne, Europe’s first statutory marine reserve, in SW Ireland documents a highly fluctuating but overall proliferation of spiny starfish ( Marthasterias glacialis ), a virtual disappearance of the common starfish ( Asterias rubens ), and low-level fluctuations of cushion stars ( Asterina spp.). Although explosive recruitment booms and subsequent declines of M. glacialis in shallo...
The complex population structure of Tamanend's bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops erebennus ) along the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic coast complicates assessment of their bycatch. To improve our understanding of the stock identity of individual dolphins taken as bycatch in this region, we compared images of the dorsal fins of bottlenose dolphins that stranded with evidence of fishery interactions (FI+) to the Mid‐Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...