Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort usi...

Anthropogenic habitat transformation has led to population declines and increasing isolation of populations of many species, particularly top predators, where small and fragmented populations often experience limited dispersal and reduced genetic diversity. Jaguars ( Panthera onca ), for example, have lost half of their historical range and most populations outside the Amazon biome are small, isolated and highly threatened. He...

Dactylogyrideans infect the gills of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui), causing parasitosis that requires therapeutic intervention. Phytotherapeutics may provide an alternative to chemotherapeutants, which have limited efficacy.This study evaluated the anti-dactylogyridean efficacy of Astrocaryum aculeatum fixed oil on tambaqui, as well as the effects of bath treatments on hematological parameters and gill histopathology. The fi...

The Asia region harbors exceptional chondrichthyan (shark, ray, and chimaera) diversity but faces intense fishing pressure. The Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) process provides a collaborative, evidence-based framework to identify critical habitats and inform spatial management. We assessed ISRAs across the Bay of Bengal, Southeast Asia, and the Northwest Pacific to characterize their extent, ecological significance, and...

The androgenic gland (AG) is a male-specific endocrine organ in crustaceans, playing a crucial role in sexual differentiation. The function of the AG in decapods has been attributed to the expression of the insulin-like androgenic gland hormone ( IAG ) encoding gene which in Macrobrachium rosenbergii was shown to serve as a sexual switch (IAG-switch) for natural sexual differentiation as well as for sex manipulations. Macrobra...

Purpose Systematic collection and analysis of antimicrobial resistance data from key bacterial pathogens is essential to contribute to control antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of this work was to survey the drug resistance on clinically relevant organisms stratified according to age, gender, clinical specimens and facilities. Methods Microbiological data were collected from 55 centers across 24 states in Mexico between...

Purpose Tilapia skin, a filleting by product, can be used to extract collagen (CTS) for bio-based films and hydrogels. This study performs the first ex-ante environmental and economic assessment of CTS, evaluating two pathways for these applications, with the aim of guiding the selection of one of these pathways for future investments in pilot plants or their redesign. Methods Two pathways for extracting 1 kg/year of CTS were...

Background and aims This study assessed the impact of pH modification of pig slurry on the dynamics of slurry- and soil-derived phosphorus (P) after surface application, as a potential alternative to inorganic P fertilizers. Methods Mineral acidification (pH 5), bio-acidification (pH 5), and alkalinization (pH 9.5) were the strategies used to modify the pH of pig slurry using paper industry by-products and additive combination...

Our primary objective was to compile a comprehensive dataset on bird–window collisions throughout the Neotropical region, including both published and unpublished sources. On May 12, 2020, we extensively disseminated invitations to provide data via email and social media platforms. By providing a template worksheet, we required standardized information from collaborators to complete and register their data. To better understan...

An important provision of the Minamata Convention on Mercury is to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted measures and its implementation. Here, we describe for the first time currently available biotic mercury (Hg) data on a global scale to improve the understanding of global efforts to reduce the impact of Hg pollution on people and the environment. Data from the peer-reviewed literature were compiled in the G...

Human ageing is a complex, multifactorial process characterised by physiological damage, increased risk of age-related diseases and inevitable functional deterioration. As the population of the world grows older, placing significant strain on social and healthcare resources, there is a growing need to identify reliable and easy-to-employ markers of healthy ageing for early detection of ageing trajectories and disease risk. Suc...