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Objective This study aimed to determine the minimum toenail mass needed for reliable fluoride analysis, and to compare fluoride extraction efficiency (%FE) using two protocols. Methods Toenail samples (n = 98 from 11 participants) were grouped into masses ranging from 1.0 to 5.0 mg (± 0.5 mg). Fluoride content was analyzed using a hexamethyldisiloxane(HMDS)-facilitated diffusion method and a fluoride-ion selective electrode. P...
Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) are among the most important aquaculture species but are highly susceptible to Vibrio infections. Novel disease management strategies are necessary. Previous studies have reported that peracetic acid (PAA) is an effective disinfectant, but its application in shrimp aquaculture remains underexplored. This study aimed to determine the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of PAA at tw...
To assess the strength of the relationships between fluoride concentrations in tap water, toenails, and urine in a U.S. cohort of pregnant participants using private, unregulated water systems. We analyzed fluoride concentrations in residential tap water directly with a fluoride-specific electrode, and in toenail and spot urine samples using a micro-diffusion technique. We collected samples from 436 pregnant women in the New H...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Molecular taxonomy of the guitarfish genus Acroteriobatus (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae)NARA Subscribed
Guitarfish species (genus Acroteriobatus ) display restricted distributions in undermanaged regions of intense fishing pressure. The importance of accurate specimen identification is well established, especially in the context of conservation management. However, guitarfishes remain poorly understood, which is exacerbated by taxonomic uncertainty due to morphological similarity. We therefore aimed (1) to identify molecular ope...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
The release of contaminants into the environment can occur from anthropogenic activities, such as oil extraction and transportation, mining, and industrial processes. Remediation associated with reducing contaminant concentrations, and restoration that improves animals and supporting habitat, are often needed to restore ecosystems to their pre-release, baseline condition. We demonstrated the application of Bayesian Decision Ne...