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Synergistic Interactions Between Warming and Elevated Atmospheric CO 2 Increase Soil Organic Carbon SequestrationNARA Subscribed
Warming and elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) are two potentially opposing climate‐carbon (C) feedback mechanisms that modulate the magnitude of the land C sink, with warming decreasing and eCO 2 increasing C sequestration. However, their net effect on soil organic C (SOC)—the largest terrestrial C stock—remains uncertain. Here, we quantify how warming, eCO 2 , and their interactions influence SOC by using 5558 paired observations from 1...
Extreme heat events have increased markedly over recent decades globally, with potentially severe impacts on soil carbon (C) cycling. Here, we conducted a mechanistic study to assess the impact of a single 3‐day extreme heat event (30°C, 40°C, 50°C) on C cycling in an arable soil in North Wales, exploring subsequent 200‐day potential legacy effects and shifts in microbial community structure. Soils exposed to 30°C or 40°C did...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration is vital for food security and climate mitigation. However, its long‐term response to fertilisation remains unclear. Using the 180‐year Broadbalk Experiment (the world's longest‐running fertilisation trial; Rothamsted, UK), combined with 14 C labelling and metagenomics, we identified fundamentally distinct mechanisms of SOC accumulation: a microbially mediated dual pathway under organic...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Full Manure Recycling Risks an 18% Rise in China's Cropland N 2 O Emissions Without Improved ManagementNARA Subscribed
Cropland fertilization is the largest anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (N 2 O‐N) emissions in China and could be mitigated through manure substitution. However, accurate quantification of N 2 O‐N losses under different combinations of manure and chemical fertilizer applications remains challenging due to limited national data, oversimplified methods of estimation, and neglect of the nitrogen (N) source (chemical‐N and man...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
As a promising strategy for improving soil health and mitigating climate change, biochar has received increasing attention in recent years. However, findings regarding its microbial effects are often context-dependent, and the complex impacts of biochar on soil microbial communities remain inadequately understood. Here, we integrated 843 samples of 16 S rRNA sequencing data from 24 independent studies, utilizing machine learni...
Soil property controls on plasticiser, antioxidant and UV absorber additive degradation across a global soil gradientNARA Subscribed
Additives in agricultural plastics can leach into the surrounding soil during use or improper disposal. Their subsequent degradation rates directly regulate whether they persist and accumulate to levels with ecotoxicological effects or are rendered benign. However, which soil properties primarily regulate the degradation of additives remains unclear (e.g. soil carbon, pH, available nutrients, microbial biomass and community st...
Cardiac viral diseases are among the major causes of economic losses in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) aquaculture. These include cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) caused by piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) and pancreas disease (PD) caused by Atlantic salmonid alphavirus (SAV). The resulting cardiomyopathies impact fish stock in terms of mortality, quality, growth performance and economic loss. Diagnosis of these diseases is cu...