Management of pine-hardwood mixtures or mixedwood forest types is gaining interest in the southeastern United States where landowner objectives/attitudes, rising management costs, timber and carbon markets, and logging workforce factors may provide rationale for favoring these forest types. However, few studies in the region have documented long-term stand development patterns for pine-hardwood mixtures. The objectives of this...

Shortleaf pine has the broadest range of the southern pine species, occurring in 22 states and extending north into New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York (Staten Island). Shortleaf pine has been understudied compared to loblolly pine and longleaf pine, typically favored for timber production and conservation value, respectively. The extensive range of shortleaf pine contributes to a high degree of variability within and among...

Working pine (Pinus spp.) forests in the southern United States rely on herbicides to remove competing vegetation and improve productivity. We conducted a review of the effects of herbicides on understory plants in southern working forests. We also discuss the impacts of herbicides on insect taxa associated with understory vegetation and its litter layer, including Coleoptera (carabid beetles), Hemiptera (true bugs), Hymenopte...

The Nantucket pine tip moth (NPTM) (Rhyacionia frustrana Comstock) is a regeneration pest of young loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) that causes tree deformity, shoot dieback, and growth declines. Different silvicultural techniques are used to grow loblolly pine more effectively, including improved genotypes. Some scientists and growers have hypothesized that more expensive full-sibling families (control-pollinated [CP]) seedlin...

Chemical site preparation is a critical management practice for southern pine plantation establishment. Imazapyr and ester triclopyr are frequently used for chemical site preparation in the Lower Coastal Plain to control waxy leaf shrub species, yet limited information is available on optimal imazapyr and triclopyr tank mixes and individual herbicide application timing(s) to achieve maximum loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) growt...

The effects of midrotation competition control and fertilization were studied in two loblolly pine stands in the Coastal Plain of Georgia. The use of fertilizer or herbicide alone did not enhance wood yields above the control, which negates the cost spent to conduct these practices. The combined treatment of fertilization and herbicide promoted higher average pine annual increment and greater proportion of sawtimber. Site limi...

Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) is frequently planted on former agricultural fields throughout the southeastern United States. Limited information is available on the long-term growth and yield as well as stem quality of longleaf pine growing on these sites with and without midrotation fertilization. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the growth rates, wood yields, and stem quality of old-field longleaf p...

Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata)–hardwood mixtures were once a common forest type on upland sites throughout the southeastern United States. These forest types have declined throughout much of shortleaf pine’s native range. Information on restoring shortleaf pine–hardwood types when a shortleaf pine seed source is not present is lacking. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of four site-preparation and r...