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Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus StatementNARA Subscribed
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndrom...
Mean landscape‐scale incidence of species in discrete habitats is patch size dependentNARA Subscribed
Aim A pervasive negative relationship between the species richness of an assemblage and the mean global range size of the species it contains has recently been identified. Here, we test for an effect of habitat patch size on the mean landscape‐scale incidence (estimating local range size) of constituent species independent of variation in richness. Location Global. Time Period Contemporary. Major Taxa Studied Various. Methods...
Species accumulation in small–large vs large–small order: more species but not all species?NARA Subscribed
Although groups of small habitat patches often support more species than large patches of equal total area, their biodiversity value remains controversial. An important line of evidence in this debate compares species accumulation curves, where patches are ordered from small–large and large–small (aka ‘SLOSS analysis’). However, this method counts species equally and is unable to distinguish patch size dependence in species’ o...
A null model for quantifying the geometric effect of habitat subdivision on species diversityNARA Subscribed
Aim To derive null models for the expected number of species shared among multiple samples or habitat patches, allowing exploration of the geometric effects of subdivision on species diversity. Location Global. Major taxa studied Predominantly sessile organisms. Methods The occurrence probability of a species in a subdivided area depends on its abundance and spatial pattern over a known habitat extent. The joint probability th...
Testing multiple hypotheses for the high endemic plant diversity of the Tibetan PlateauNARA Subscribed
Aim The Tibetan Plateau harbours the highest alpine and endemic plant diversity in the world, attributed to rapid diversification during the plateau uplift and Quaternary climate fluctuations. However, there is little understanding of which hypotheses associated with these geological and climatic processes garner strong support as explanations for the observed diversity patterns. Here, we test support for hypotheses related to...
Loss of only the smallest patches will reduce species diversity in most discrete habitat networksNARA Subscribed
Under many global‐change scenarios, small habitat patches are the most vulnerable to destruction. For example, smaller ponds are at greater risk in a drying climate and their loss would remove any obligate aquatic individuals present. We asked what proportional loss of species diversity from metacommunities comprised of discrete habitat patches should be expected from attrition (complete loss) of only the smallest patches unde...
Seasonal Changes in Blubber Distribution in Atlantic Harbor Seals: Indications of Thermodynamic ConsiderationsNARA Subscribed
Among its functions, the hypodermal blubber layer of pinnipeds serves as both an energy reserve and insulation. This study examined seasonal changes in blubber distribution and body morphology in a group of captive changesharbor seals to test whether these changes were designed to maximize insulative effectiveness. Seasonal changes were found in girth, blubber volume, mean blubber depth, and the ratio of blubber depth to body...
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