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Measurement Error and Methodologic Issues in Analyses of the Proportion of Variance Explained in CognitionNARA Subscribed
Existing studies examining the predictive ability of biomarkers for cognitive outcomes do not account for variance due to measurement error, which could lead to under-estimates of the proportion of variance explained. We used data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) ( N = 1084) to estimate the proportion of variance explained by Alzheimer’s disease (AD) imaging biomarkers in four cognitive outcomes: mem...
Aim Plant functional traits can influence interaction outcomes between nurse and target plants through a “functional trait match”, which occurs when the traits of nurse plants ameliorate their environment, and target plants possess traits that allow them to benefit from this ameliorated environment. We investigated how the traits of putative nurse species affect interaction outcomes across global drylands and determined the fu...
Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a transcription factor that mediates the response to stress at the cellular, tissue, and organism level. We deleted the gene encoding ATF4 in the proximal tubules of the mouse kidney by using a temporal and cell type-specific approach. We show that ATF4 plays a major role in regulating the transcriptome and proteome, which, in turn, influences the metabolome and kidney functions. Gen...
The Relationship Between Grazing Pressure and Environmental Factors Drives Vegetation Fragmentation Across Global DrylandsNARA Subscribed
Aim To evaluate how grazing pressure, a key land‐use factor, interacts with climatic, vegetation, and soil variables to shape the fragmentation of perennial vegetation across drylands globally. Location 171 plots across 25 countries on six continents. Time Period Field data: 2016–2019. Major Taxa Studied Perennial grasses, shrubs, and woody plants. Methods We conducted a standardised field survey across 171 45 m × 45 m plots t...
Plants can facilitate their local environment and create a two‐phase spatial structure of vegetation and bare soil in drylands, which largely influences ecosystem functioning. Although an increasing number of studies have examined how global change drivers like aridity influence vegetation spatial structure in drylands (e.g., the patch size distribution), it remains unclear how grazing impacts differ from those of climatic gra...
The Toarcian Posidonia Shale at Salem (North Alpine Foreland Basin; South Germany): hydrocarbon potential and paleogeographyNARA Subscribed
The Posidonia Shale in the basement of the North Alpine Foreland Basin of southwestern Germany represents an important archive for environmental changes during the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event and the associated carbon isotope excursion (T-CIE). It is also an important hydrocarbon source rock. In the Salem borehole, the Posidonia Shale is ~ 10 m thick. The lower 7.5 m (1763.5–1756.0 m) of the Posidonian Shale and the uppermos...
Estimating Biogeochemical Rates Using a Computationally Efficient Lagrangian ApproachNARA Subscribed
Nutrient concentrations in many estuaries have increased over the past century due to increases in wastewater discharge and increased agricultural intensity, contributing to multiple environmental problems. Numerous biogeochemical and physical processes in estuaries influence nutrient concentrations during transport, resulting in complex spatial and temporal variability and challenges identifying predominant processes and thei...
In vitro susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to netilmicin and etimicin in comparison to gentamicin and other aminoglycosidesNARA Subscribed
Purpose Single doses of gentamicin have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of urogenital gonorrhea, but lower cure rates for oropharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea. Formulations selectively enriched in specific gentamicin C congeners have been proposed as a less toxic alternative to gentamicin, potentially permitting higher dosing to result in increased plasma exposures at the extragenital sites of infection. The p...
Biomarker and compound-specific isotope records across the Toarcian CIE at the Dormettingen section in SW GermanyNARA Subscribed
The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE) is associated with a prominent negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE; ~ 183 million years (Myr)). About 10-m-thick organic matter-rich sediments accumulated during the T-OAE in the Southwest German Basin (SWGB). Rock–Eval, maceral and biomarker analysis were used to determine variations of environmental conditions across the CIE interval. Carbon isotope records were determined for var...
Genetic trade‐offs underlie divergent life history strategies for local adaptation in white cloverNARA Subscribed
Local adaptation is common in plants, yet characterization of its underlying genetic basis is rare in herbaceous perennials. Moreover, while many plant species exhibit intraspecific chemical defence polymorphisms, their importance for local adaptation remains poorly understood. We examined the genetic architecture of local adaptation in a perennial, obligately‐outcrossing herbaceous legume, white clover ( Trifolium repens ). T...