Nitrification is widespread across marine systems, yet the ecological and evolutionary drivers shaping nitrifier populations remain largely unknown. The Baltic Sea, a brackish basin with pronounced gradients in salinity, oxygen, nutrients and strong seasonality, is a valuable model environment to investigate these questions. Here, we combined metagenomics and rRNA gene sequencing to characterise the spatiotemporal dynamics and...

Extreme physical-oceanographic events, such as marine heatwaves, fluvial floods, droughts and storm surges, have major impacts on local communities, economic sectors and ecosystems, and their frequency, intensity and duration increase due to climate change. There is a lack of understanding of the systemic drivers of extreme events as well as of their interconnected impacts on estuarine and coastal ecosystems. This knowledge is...

Differentiation grade of colorectal cancers (CRC) is histologically defined by the proportion of the tumour which retains the glandular architecture of the normal colon. Poorly differentiated CRCs display loss of glandular architecture and canonical markers of colonic differentiation and are associated with increased metastatic capacity and poorer prognosis. It is currently unclear whether poorly differentiated cells within a...

Sensory impairments are common with aging, but studies examining the relationships of these impairments with DNA methylation–based biomarkers of aging, strong predictors of morbidity and mortality, remain sparse. We investigated whether subjective measures of sensory impairment are associated with epigenetic age biomarkers. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in a representative sample of 2344 U.S. adults from the 1999–200...

Crown damage can account for over 23% of canopy biomass turnover in tropical forests and is a strong predictor of tree mortality; yet, it is not typically represented in vegetation models. We incorporate crown damage into the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES), to evaluate how lags between damage and tree recovery or death alter demographic rates and patterns of carbon turnover. We represent crown d...

The growth and survival of individual trees determine the physical structure of a forest with important consequences for forest function. However, given the diversity of tree species and forest biomes, quantifying the multitude of demographic strategies within and across forests and the way that they translate into forest structure and function remains a significant challenge. Here, we quantify the demographic rates of 1961 tr...

Summary Universal primers for SSU rRNA genes allow profiling of natural communities by simultaneously amplifying templates from Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota in a single PCR reaction. Despite the potential to show relative abundance for all rRNA genes, universal primers are rarely used, due to various concerns including amplicon length variation and its effect on bioinformatic pipelines. We thus developed 16S and 18S rRNA m...

Summary Marine Thaumarchaeota are abundant ammonia‐oxidizers but have few representative laboratory‐cultured strains. We report the cultivation of Candidatus Nitrosomarinus catalina SPOT01, a novel strain that is less warm‐temperature tolerant than other cultivated Thaumarchaeota. Using metagenomic recruitment, strain SPOT01 comprises a major portion of Thaumarchaeota (4–54%) in temperate Pacific waters. Its complete 1.36 Mbp...

Summary Microbial community analysis via high‐throughput sequencing of amplified 16S rRNA genes is an essential microbiology tool. We found the popular primer pair 515F ( 515F‐C ) and 806R greatly underestimated (e.g. SAR 11) or overestimated (e.g. Gammaproteobacteria) common marine taxa. We evaluated marine samples and mock communities (containing 11 or 27 marine 16S clones), showing alternative primers 515F‐ Y (5′‐ GTG Y CAG...