Precise positioning and alignment of specific cell types, such as those in the central nervous system and the muscular system, is essential for their functional integration, their migration, and proliferation in vivo. Cell alignment in physiologically relevant tissue models and constructs is challenging to reproduce in vitro unless a three-dimensional scaffold is used. This study demonstrates that cell alignment can be guided...

Purpose This study investigated the comparative influence of regional/climatic difference in agronomic potential (‘Region'), natural drainage (‘Drainage’) and grassland management intensity (‘Manage’) on soil physicochemical variables, microbial community structure and soil potential extracellular enzymatic activity across 37 Irish grassland sites. Methods Soil samples were collected in a structured manner from representative...

Background and aims Diversifying grassland sward composition and application of microbial inoculants are potential alternative routes to facilitate enhanced nutrient acquisition by plants, but their relative effects have been rarely tested in grasslands. In a two-year field experiment, we investigated the impact of inoculants and sward types on forage yield, nutrient uptake, and the soil microbiome. Methods We implemented a fu...