The suction pile–gravity hybrid foundation (SPGH) has emerged as a novel foundation for floating wind turbines (FWTs) due to its superior bearing mechanism. In harsh marine environments, offshore wind turbine structures endure multidirectional wave–wind current loads, which are transmitted through mooring systems as complex multidirectional coupled loads (horizontal, vertical, bending moments, and torque), imposing severe chal...

Since the first hearth was kindled, energy has steered human destiny, and today the ocean offers its own vast portfolio [...]